Arturo Yovane

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Arturo Yovane Zúñiga († September 24, 1997 ) was a Chilean general of the National Police (Carabineros de Chile) , who was one of the main initiators of the military coup of September 11, 1973 and was minister of mining during the military dictatorship under General Augusto Pinochet between 1973 and 1974.

Life

Career with the Carabineros

Yovane completed a course in general policing at the International Police Academy in Washington, DC in 1966 and another police course in the United States in 1971 . In 1972 he was appointed head of Zone II of the Carabineros in Valparaíso, where he made acquaintances with politicians as well as with General Sergio Arellano Stark and with Vice Admiral José Toribio Merino , the then commander of the First Marine Zone (Primera Zona Naval) in Valparaíso. Already at this he was one of the critics of President Salvador Allende and his government of the Unidad Popular within the armed forces and the Carabineros and took part in various meetings of high-ranking officers who served in preparation for the later military coup.

He then became head of the department for general police services and was tenth in the hierarchy of the Carabineros after José María Sepúlveda Galindo (General Director of Carabineros), Jorge Urrutia Quintano (Deputy General Director), Pedro Mayorga Martínez (Head of the Training Department), Julio de la Fuente Duarte (Head of the Order and Security Department), Fabián Parada Hormazábal ( Prefect of Police of Santiago de Chile ), Orestes Salinas Núñez (Secretary General), Martín Cádiz Avila (Head of Zone I), César Mendoza Duran (Head of the Welfare Department ) and Eduardo Gordon Cañas (Head of Zone V of the Carabineros). He saw the need to replace Police Chief José María Sepúlveda and was considered a possible successor despite his rank within the police hierarchy.

On the night of September 10-11, 1973, he and General César Mendoza Duran went to the National Police NCO School (Escuela de suboficiales de Carabineros) , the only unit that did not want to take part in the coup. There he inspected the tanks and the personnel. He then appeared together with Mendoza at the Carabineros' intelligence center in order to control the combat operations of the National Police from there, to which no specific combat location was assigned. At the same time he inspected the special forces that were supposed to surround the La Moneda presidential palace and support the infantry units deployed there.

Military coup of September 11, 1973 and minister of mining

On the day of the coup on September 11, 1973, Yovane and General Mendoza led the operations of the Carabineros from the tenth floor of the Building Inspection Authority in Santiago de Chile. Since the early hours of the morning he was in constant radio contact with General Arellano Stark, who instructed him to guard possible prisoners with the Tacna Regiment in the vicinity of the presidential palace, as well as with Vice Admiral Patricio Carvajal Prado , who as chief of staff in the Ministry of Defense oversees the military activities of the three branches of the armed forces coordinated during the coup. In his later notes, Arellano Stark emphasized the importance of Yovane in taking the presidential palace.

One day after the military coup, Yovane was appointed Mining Minister (Ministro de Minería) on September 12, 1973 and held this position until he was replaced by Agustín Toro Dávila on July 11, 1974. He ordered the immediate reinstatement of all executives, employees and Workers previously laid off for political reasons. Despite his ministerial office, he kept his position as head of the general department of the Carabineros with the rank of director.

On July 11, 1974, he was dismissed as Mining Minister because of his political views on copper mining in Chile, which includes five of the ten largest copper mines in the world. He declined to cooperate with Great Britain and the USA because he feared a cartel formation similar to the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC). At the same time he retired from active police service after there had been disagreements with the new General Director of the Carabineros, General César Mendoza.

After leaving the ministerial office and the police force, Yovane briefly acted as ambassador to Persia before retiring from political life.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Esteban Bucat Oviedo: HACIA EL CENTENARIO DE SALVADOR ALLENDE. DOS DIAS DE SEPTIEMBRE: LA VISPERA Y DIA DEL GOLPE MILITAR ( Memento of the original of September 28, 2008 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.cedec.cl
  2. ↑ Monica González: Chile: la Conjura , 2000, Ed. B, Santiago, pp. 346-347
  3. ↑ Listado de Ministros de Minería desde 1953 (Homepage of the Mining Ministry, accessed on February 6, 2015)
personal data
SURNAME Yovane, Arturo
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Yovane Zúñiga, Arturo
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Chilean general, politician and ambassador
DATE OF BIRTH 20th century
DATE OF DEATH September 24, 1997