Askar Akayev
Askar Akajewitsch Akajew ( Kyrgyz / Russian Аскар Акаевич Акаев ; born November 10, 1944 in Kyzyl-Bajrak , Kyrgyz SSR ) was 1990–1991 President of the Kyrgyz SSR and 1991–2005 the first President of independent Kyrgyzstan .
Life
After studying physics in Leningrad (today's Saint Petersburg ), he embarked on a scientific career. In the late 1980s he was appointed President of the Kyrgyz Academy of Sciences . He was a member of the Central Committee of the CPSU and was appointed President of Parliament in 1990 by the Supreme Soviet of the Kyrgyz SSR .
He mediated between the various ethnic groups in his country and held regular discussions at the round table . On October 27, 1990, he was elected President of the Kyrgyz SSR by parliament.
After the August coup in Moscow in 1991, Akayev declared his republic independent. In the first presidential election in Kyrgyzstan in 1991 , as well as in the elections on December 24, 1995, he was confirmed in office.
Kyrgyzstan was once a role model in terms of democracy among the CIS countries . However, the president's increasingly authoritarian style of governance turned the country into an autocracy . Although the constitution provided for only two terms in office, the Constitutional Court ruled in the summer of 1998 that the president could run for re-election in 2000, since the constitution, which had only come into force in 1993, was not yet in force when he was first elected. The elections on October 29, 2000 were then accompanied by massive irregularities.
According to statements by international organizations , there were renewed election fraud and other irregularities in the 2005 elections . The steering and censorship of the media made a fair election campaign impossible for the opposition. The outcome of the election has led to ongoing massive unrest , including demonstrations and occupations of public buildings. On March 22nd, Akayev announced a partial review of (regional) election results, which the democratic opposition saw as a tactical move. On March 24, Akayev was forced to flee to Kazakhstan after demonstrators occupied several government buildings and Russia announced that it would not intervene. From Kazakhstan he fled to Moscow , where he officially announced his resignation as President of Kyrgyzstan on April 4, 2005. The next day Akayev regretted the rioting in a video speech and apologized to his compatriots.
On the occasion of the death of his older brother in August 2014, Akayev wanted to return home. But on the way to the airport, he suddenly gave up the trip after being told that he could be arrested as soon as he arrived in Bishkek. According to his own account, Akayev stayed completely out of politics after his dismissal and only occasionally follows the political developments in Kyrgyzstan.
Publications (selection)
- Holographic memory. New York, NY: Allerton Press, 1997.
- Log-Periodic Oscillation Analysis Forecasts the Burst of the “Gold Bubble” in April - June 2011 // Structure and Dynamics 4/3 (2010): 1-11 .
- Technological development and protest waves: Arab spring as a trigger of the global phase transition // Technological Forecasting & Social Change 116 (2017): 316–321 .
Web links
Wikinews: Askar Akayev - on the news- Literature by and about Askar Akajew in the catalog of the German National Library
- Akajews website ( Memento of January 4, 2007 in the Internet Archive )
- Interview in the mirror
Individual evidence
- ↑ Екатерина Ларинина: Беженец от тюльпанов. Аскар Акаев уже 10 лет не был на родине. April 4, 2015, Retrieved October 17, 2017 (Russian).
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Akayev, Askar |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Akajew, Askar Akajewitsch (full name) |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Kyrgyz President |
| DATE OF BIRTH | November 10, 1944 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Kyzyl-Bajrak , Kyrgyz SSR |