Attalids

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The Attalids were a ruling family at the time of Hellenism and the rulers of Pergamon .

  1. Philetairos (281–263 BC): Officer of Lysimachus ( Diadoch dynasty , general of Alexander the Great ), treasurer. By coming to terms with the Seleucids (successors from the Diadoch dynasty, rulers of Syria and Asia Minor ), Philetairos declared his independence from Lysimachus and founded his own, initially very small empire with Pergamon as its capital.
  2. Eumenes I (263–241 BC): nephew and adopted son of Philetairos. He attacked his powerful neighbor, the Seleucid Antiochus I, and was able to enlarge the Pergamene area.
  3. Attalus I (241–197 BC): Great-nephew and adopted son of Eumenes I. Won the battle of the Kaïkos springs against the Celtic Galatians and then assumed the title of king.
  4. Eumenes II. (197–159 BC): Son of Attalus I. Supported the Romans in 190 BC. In the battle of Magnesia (Asia Minor, near Smyrna ) against the Seleucids Antiochus III. and expanded after the peace of Apamea (in today's Syria) in 188 BC. BC the state borders of the Kingdom of Pergamon extended almost over the entire area of ​​Asia Minor. During his time, the Pergamene Empire flourished.
  5. Attalus II. (159-138 BC): brother of Eumenes II and already co-regent under his rule. Had the Attalus Stoa built in Athens .
  6. Attalus III. (138-133 BC): nephew of Attalus II. The last ruler of the Attalid dynasty was childless and inherited Pergamon to the Romans .
  7. Aristonikos (d. 129 BC): illegitimate son of Attalus II and an Ephesian . Claimed as Eumenes III. Pergamon's throne.

family tree

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Attalus
 
 boa
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Eumenes
 
 Satyra
 
 Philetairos
Rg. 302-263 BC Chr.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Attalus
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Eumenes I.
Rg. 263-241 BC Chr.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Antiochis
daughter of Achaios
 
 Attalus
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Apollonis
 
 Attalos I.
Rg./Kg. 241-197 BC Chr.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
?
 
 Eumenes II.
Kg. 197-159 BC Chr.
 
 Stratonike
daughter of Ariarathes IV.
 
 Attalus II.
Kg. 159-138 BC Chr.
 
 Philetairos
 
 Athenaios
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Aristonikos (Eumenes III.)
 
 Attalus III.
Kg. 138-133 BC Chr.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

literature

  • Reginald Edgar Allen : The Attalid Kingdom. A Constitutional History. Clarendon Press, Oxford 1983, ISBN 0-198-14845-3 .
  • Joachim Hopp: Investigations into the history of the last Attalids (= Vestigia . Volume 25). CH Beck, Munich 1977, ISBN 3-406-04795-5 .
  • Esther Violet Hansen: The Attalids of Pergamon (= Cornell studies in classical philology. Volume 36). Cornell University Press, Ithaca 1971, ISBN 0-801-40615-3 .
  • Peter Thonemann (Ed.): Attalid Asia Minor. Money, International Relations, and the State. Oxford University Press, Oxford 2013, ISBN 978-0-199-65611-0 .

Web links

Commons : Attalids  - collection of images, videos and audio files