Ariarathes IV. Eusebes

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Ariarathes IV

Ariarathes IV. Eusebes was king of Cappadocia and ruled between 220 and 163 BC. Chr.

Live and act

Ariarathes IV was a son of the Cappadocian king Ariarathes III. and his Greek-Macedonian wife Stratonike , a daughter of the Seleucid king Antiochus II. He ascended the throne as a child and ruled for 57 years. He was married to Antiochis , a daughter of the Seleucid king Antiochus III. of Syria and his wife Laodike . As a result of this connection he supported Antiochus III. in the war against the Romans, as in the Battle of Magnesia in 190 BC However, this battle ended with a defeat for the Seleucid rulers. As of 189 BC BC the consul Gnaeus Manlius Vulso fought against the Galatians in Asia Minor , Ariarathes IV supported the latter. The consul then prepared to attack Cappadocia, but then abandoned this plan after receiving 200 talents. In the winter of 189/188 BC In BC Ariarathes' ambassadors came to Ephesus for discussions with Manlius Vulso and asked Rome for peace, which the consul initially linked to the transfer of 600 talents. The Cappadocian king finally received the peace on more favorable terms, namely a reduction of the required cash payment to 300 talents, through the commitment of Rome's ally Eumenes II , King of Pergamon , who had taken Ariarathes' daughter Stratonike as his fiancé and later married her . Ariarathes IV was then included in the Roman amicitia . Between 183 and 179 BC BC Ariarathes IV supported Eumenes II in the war against Pharnakes I , king of Pontus . This had to make peace and return conquered Cappadocian territories. Towards the end of his reign, Ariarathes IV, who was given the nickname Eusebes on coins , got into a dispute with the neighboring Trokmern , who asked Rome for an arbitration award, but the disputes continued even among his successor.

progeny

The question of the descendants of Ariarathes was possibly already the subject of a dynastically founded legend. The version that is predominantly shown to this day is the one handed down by Diodorus . According to this, Ariarathes' wife Antiochis secretly put two children named Ariarathes and Orophernes on him , because she did not have any children from her husband at first. Subsequently, however, she gave birth to her husband with two daughters and a son, Mithridates, who later became Ariarathes V , whereupon she informed her husband of the deception. The former were then sent away, one to Rome, the other to Ionia , while the real son became the successor in Cappadocia.

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Mary Boyce, Frantz Grenet: A History of Zoroastrianism: Zoroastrianism Under Macedonian and Roman Rule. Brill, Leiden 1991, ISBN 90-04-09271-4 , pp. 267 f.
  2. ^ Diodor , Historical Library 31, Fragment 19 ( English translation ).
  3. ↑ Marcus Iunianus Iustinus , Epitoma historiarum Philippicarum 29.1 ( English translation ).
  4. ↑ Polybios , Geschichte 4,2,8 ( English translation ).
  5. ↑ Appian , Syriake 5 ( English translation ).
  6. ↑ Titus Livius , Ab urbe condita 37,31,4 ( English translation ); Appian, Syriake 32 ( English translation ).
  7. ↑ Titus Livius, Ab urbe condita 38,26,4 ( English translation ); Appian, Syriake 42 ( English translation ).
  8. ↑ Polybios, Geschichte 21,43,4 f. ( English translation ); Titus Livius, Ab urbe condita 38.37.5 ( English translation ) and 38.39.6 ( English translation ); Strabon , Geography 13,624.
  9. ↑ Hatto H. Schmitt , Ernst Vogt (Ed.): Small Lexicon of Hellenism. 2nd edition, Harrassowitz, Wiesbaden 1993, ISBN 3-447-03278-2 , p. 330 ( online ).
  10. ↑ Luis Ballesteros Pastor: Ariarathes IV. Eusebes. In: Altay Coşkun (ed.): Amici Populi Romani. Prosopography of the foreign friends of the Romans. Version 08, 2018, pp. 111–113.
  11. ↑ Polybios, Geschichte 24.1 ( English translation ); 24.5 ( English translation ); 24.8 ( English translation ); 25.2 ( English translation ).
  12. ↑ Polybios, Geschichte 31,12,13 ( English translation ); 31,13,1 ( English translation ); 31,23,10 ( English translation ).
  13. ↑ Hatto H. Schmitt, Ernst Vogt (Ed.): Lexicon of Hellenism. 2005, p. 520; Joachim Hopp: Investigations into the history of the last Attalids (= Vestigia. Volume 25). CH Beck, Munich, p. 27 ( online ); Moritz Hermann Eduard Meier : Pergamenisches Reich. Leipzig 1842, p. 58 ( online ).
  14. ↑ Diodor, Historical Library 31,19,7 f. ( English translation ).
  15. ↑ completely different (not considered, see discussion): Wilhelm Geiger, Ernst Wilhelm Adalbert Kuhn, Christian Bartholomae: Grundriss der Iranischen Philologie , Volume 2, pp. 491, 492, including Ariarathes IV himself only adopted (with further evidence)
personal data
SURNAME Ariarathes IV. Eusebes
BRIEF DESCRIPTION King of Cappadocia
DATE OF BIRTH 3rd century BC Chr.
DATE OF DEATH 2nd century BC Chr.