Atypus
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| Latreille , 1804 |
Atypus is a genus of the wallpapering spider family . This genus includes 34 species that are distributed in Asia , North Africa , the USA and in Europe from Great Britain to Ukraine . Three species also occur in Central Europe : A. affinis , A. muralis and A. piceus . The genus was first described by Pierre André Latreille in 1804 .
Features and way of life
The chelicerae of the genus are directed straight forward and almost as large as the front body ( prosoma ). The spinnerets on the abdomen are clearly visible. The color is dark brown to deep black. The females reach a body length of 10 to 15 mm, males are about 10 mm tall.
Males have a life expectancy of 3 to 4 years, females 8-10 years. Like all wallpaper spiders, they live in tubes that are lined with spider silk. In the case of the genus Atypus , these consist of an underground, vertical part and an above-ground horizontal part, which mostly rests on the ground. During the day the spiders stay in the vertical part. At night they sit in the above-ground part; Arthropods , which then run over the tube, are gripped from the inside with the chelicerae and pulled inwards through the tube wall. The hole will be closed again later.
Poisonous effect
The wallpaper spiders found in Central Europe are only slightly poisonous. The local symptoms can, however, last longer. So far only one bite of atypus affinis is known .
species
The World Spider Catalog currently lists 34 species for the genus Atypus . (As of December 2018)
- Atypus affinis Eichwald , 1830
- Atypus baotianmanensis Hu , 1994
- Atypus baotingensis Li, Xu, Zhang, Liu, Zhang & Li , 2018
- Atypus coreanus Kim , 1985
- Atypus dorsualis Thorell , 1897
- Atypus flexus Zhu, Zhang, Song & Qu , 2006
- Atypus formosensis Kayashima , 1943
- Atypus heterothecus Zhang , 1985
- Atypus javanus Thorell , 1890
- Atypus jianfengensis Li, Xu, Zhang, Liu, Zhang & Li , 2018
- Atypus karschi Dönitz , 1887
- Atypus lannaianus Schwendinger , 1989
- Atypus largosaccatus Zhu, Zhang, Song & Qu , 2006
- Atypus ledongensis Zhu, Zhang, Song & Qu , 2006
- Atypus magnus Namkung , 1986
- Atypus medius Oliger , 1999
- Atypus minutus Lee, Lee, Yoo & Kim , 2015
- Atypus muralis Bertkau , 1890
- Atypus pedicellatus Zhu, Zhang, Song & Qu , 2006
- Atypus piceus ( Sulzer , 1776)
- Atypus quelpartensis Namkung , 2002
- Atypus sacculatus Zhu, Zhang, Song & Qu , 2006
- Atypus seogwipoensis Kim, Ye & Noh , 2015
- Atypus sinensis thigh , 1953
- Atypus snetsingeri Sarno , 1973
- Atypus sternosulcus Kim, Kim, Jung & Lee , 2006
- Atypus suiningensis Zhang , 1985
- Atypus suthepicus Schwendinger , 1989
- Atypus sutherlandi Chennappaiya , 1935
- Atypus suwonensis Kim, Kim, Jung & Lee , 2006
- Atypus tibetensis Zhu, Zhang, Song & Qu , 2006
- Atypus wataribabaorum Tanikawa , 2006
- Atypus wii Siliwal, Kumar & Raven , 2014
- Atypus yajuni Zhu, Zhang, Song & Qu , 2006
The species A. abboti, A. niger and A. rufipes were transferred to the related genus Sphodros .
literature
- Heiko Bellmann : Cosmos Atlas Arachnids of Europe . 3rd edition, 2006. Kosmos, Stuttgart, ISBN 978-3-440-10746-1 .
- Marcus Schmitt: Where the wild things live: Tarantula relationship (Atypus affinis, Araneae) in Ruthertal between Werden and Kettwig (Essen). Electronic articles of the Biological Station Westliches Ruhrgebiet 12 (2008): 1–9 PDF
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Natural History Museum of the Burgergemeinde Bern: World Spider Catalog Version 19.5 - Atypus . Retrieved December 22, 2018.
- ↑ Toxicological Department, Rechts der Isar Clinic, Munich . Toxinfo.org. Retrieved January 1, 2011.
Web links
Atypus in the World Spider Catalog
- Identification key for the genus Atypus
- Atypus in the spider forum Wiki