Augustinian monastery St. Anna (Eisleben)

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Former Augustinian monastery with cell wing in the attic. St. Anne's Church on the right.

The Augustinian monastery St. Anna is a former Augustinian hermit monastery in the area of ​​today's Lutherstadt Eisleben .

Historical drawing of the monastery and church, 1910.

History of the monastery

After the Mansfeld house split in 1501, each of these families built a city residence in Eisleben. Count Albrecht IV (1480–1560), a scion of the Hinterort branch , settled miners and ironworkers from other parts of Germany to the west of the old town in 1511 to revive the mining industry and also granted this settlement town charter . They were called "New Town near Eisleben", today "Neustadt" or "Annenviertel". In 1514, Emperor Maximilian I asked Albrecht to cancel the town charter. Albrecht opposed this demand and on July 16, 1515 handed the Church of St. Anne to the order of the Augustinian hermits.

The history of the building is known more precisely through archaeological investigations in February 2013: Construction probably began in July 1515, and initially a representative convent building in the Renaissance style was planned, which would be attached to the church building, more precisely to the already existing south wall of a transept of St. .-Anne Church. When the walls were about a meter high, the plan changed: the room was filled and the floor level raised to this height. (Possibly the location on the slope had shown groundwater problems.) Then building on the existing outer walls in simpler forms was continued. An inner courtyard with a cloister was to be created, and a half-timbered upper floor above. On this floor there were four rooms, two of which were designed as plank rooms with a decorated wooden ceiling. The roof structure of the church was erected in a uniform construction project in the first half of 1516.

The monastery was consecrated on May 22, 1516, Corpus Christi day. The entire convent consisted of eight monks. Martin Luther , who at that time had to supervise eleven monasteries in the region as district vicar , and Johannes Staupitz as vicar general of the order took part in the Corpus Christi procession. Here an incident occurred that is recorded in Luther's dinner speeches :

"How did I do it? I was startled a time for the sacrament , the Doctor Staupiz to Isleben in the procession wore corporis Christi . I went with them and put on a priest's dress, then confessed to Doctor Staupiz, et dicebat mihi [and he said to me]: Vestra cogitatio [your thought] is not Christ. "(WAT 1,59; 8-12; No. 137)

With Caspar Güttel 1517 a supporter of Luther prior was the Eislebener Augustinian monastery. In 1518 Luther carried out a visitation here ; The Eisleben monastery was also the host of the General Convention in 1520, at which Staupitz resigned from his position as Vicar General. After the chapter of the Reform Congregation in Wittenberg in 1522 had decided that every monk was free to leave the monastery, the Eisleben convent also dissolved. The construction work came to a standstill, only Caspar Güttel stayed in the monastery building.

Despite various subsequent uses, a half-timbered cell wing , structurally connected to the roof structure, was retained in the attic . From the outside, the five cells on the east side with windows and inner houses are clearly visible . Two more cells were on the courtyard side; all seven chambers were accessed through a large room that served as a corridor.

Further construction of the church

Overall, St. Anne is a Renaissance church. The late Gothic choir of the church was consecrated in January 1516 by Archbishop Albrecht in the presence of Count Albrecht IV von Mansfeld. After a long break in construction, the church was completed between 1585 and 1608. The nave, west choir and north tower were built, initiated and supported by Countess Margareta von Mansfeld-Hinterort. The church was furnished with a renaissance interior ( stone picture Bible , coffered ceiling and pulpit).

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Marion Ebruy, Klaus Foth: city guide Eisleben , Eisleben of 2002.
  2. ↑ New building findings from Luther's time in the St. Anne's monastery in Eisleben. Retrieved January 24, 2018 .
  3. ↑ Press release State Office for Monument Preservation and Archeology Saxony-Anhalt - State Museum of Prehistory (PDF; 205 kB) from March 11, 2008.
  4. ↑ Website Church of St. Annen

literature

  • Irene Roch-Lemmer: Lutherstadt Eisleben St. Annen , DKV art guide No. 539/9, Deutscher Kunstverlag GmbH Munich Berlin (no year)
  • Irene Roch-Lemmer: The stone picture Bible of St. Anne's Church in Eisleben , STEKO art guide no. 31, 2nd edition, Wettin-Löbejün, 2014

Web links

Coordinates: 51 ° 31 '43 "  N , 11 ° 32' 12.5"  E