Talysh Mugan Autonomous Republic

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Flag of the Talysh Mugan Autonomous Republic.

The Talysh Mugan Autonomous Republic was a short-lived, internationally unrecognized autonomous republic in Azerbaijan that existed from June to August 1993. It was located in the extreme south of Azerbaijan and consisted of 6 parts of Azerbaijan around the regional capital Lənkəran : Lenkoran , Lerik , Astara , Masallı , Yardımlı and Biləsuvar . Historically, this area was the Talysh Khanate .

The Talysh Mughan Autonomous Republic should not be confused with the Mughan Soviet Republic. This was a Bolshevik state that stood from March to June 1919 in opposition to the Azerbaijani government of the Musavat in Baku ( Democratic Republic of Azerbaijan ). The flag of the Talysh-Mugan Autonomous Republic, and now the flag of the Talysh people, is a vertical tricolor of red, white and green colors with the rising sun in the center over the blue sea.

founding

Location of the Talysh Mugan Republic

The autonomous republic was proclaimed in Azerbaijan amid political turmoil, with tactical support from Russia. In June 1993, under the leadership of Colonel Surat Huseynov, a military revolt began against the Azerbaijani President Əbülfəz Elçibəy . Colonel Alikram Hummatov, a close ally of Huseynov and leader of the Talysan nationalists, took power in southern Azerbaijan and proclaimed the new republic in Lənkəran, which escalated the violence.

But the situation calmed down when Heydər Əliyev came to power. The Talysh Mugan Republic, which failed to garner significant public support, was abolished.

resolution

Alikram Hummatov was forced to flee Lənkəran when 10,000 demonstrators gathered outside his headquarters demanding that he leave the city.

According to Prof. Bruce Parrott:

“This adventure quickly turned into a farce. The Talyian character of the "republic" was minimal, while the clear threat to the territorial integrity of Azerbaijan by its very existence only discredited Gumbatov and later Guseinov [Huseynov] ”.

consequences

Some observers believe that this revolt was part of a larger conspiracy to bring former President Ayaz Mütəllibov back to power. Hummatov was captured and initially sentenced to death. The sentence was commuted to life imprisonment. In 2004 he was pardoned and released under pressure from the Council of Europe . He was allowed to emigrate to Europe after publicly announcing that he would no longer engage in political activities. The Talysh national movement is still active today and pursues the goal of restoring the autonomous Talysh-Mughan Republic. However, those involved in the proclamation say that they have always considered the autonomous republic to be part of Azerbaijan.

According to some sources, the Azerbaijani government is now pursuing a policy of consistent integration of minorities such as the Talysh , Taten , Kurds and Lesgians . Yet the Council of Europe says:

“Azerbaijan had made particularly laudable efforts to unlock the personal application of the Framework Convention to a wide range of minorities. In Azerbaijan, the importance of protecting and nurturing the cultures of national minorities has been recognized, and the country's long history of cultural diversity is largely appreciated. "

See also

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b James B. Minahan. Encyclopedia of Stateless Nations: Ethnic and National Groups around the world. - Santa Barbara, California: ABC-CLIO, LLC, 2016. P. 409 ISBN 978-1-61069-953-2
    The Talysh flag is a vertical tricolor of red, white, and green with a centered rising sun over blue sea.
  2. ^ A b Azerbaijan in a stir over political prisoner. In: BBC News.
  3. ↑ Vladimir Socor: Talysh issue, dormant in Azerbaijan, reopened in Armenia. ( Memento of the original from September 30, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. In: The Jamestown Foundation. May 27, 2005. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / jamestown.org
  4. ↑ Pro-Iranian is ousted. In: The New York Times. August 24, 1993.
  5. ^ Translation from Bruce Parrott: State Building and Military Power in Russia and the New States of Eurasia. ME Sharpe, 1995, ISBN 1-56324-360-1 .
  6. ↑ Hummatov received support from the former Defense Minister Rahim Gaziev and swore allegiance to former President Ayaz Mütallibov . This revolt, which collapsed with almost no bloodshed in August, appeared as part of the larger Huseynov rebellion in Gəncə . Translation from Thomas De Waal: Black Garden: Armenia and Azerbaijan through Peace and War. NYU Press, 2004, ISBN 0-8147-1945-7 .
  7. ↑ A likely scenario is that this episode is another example of a powerful local warlord trying to take advantage of Azerbaijan's internal instability on this occasion through an appeal to ethnic Persian sentiment. Gummatov [Hummatov] had previously benefited under Mütallibov and it appears he bore a grudge against Aliyev. There are reports that the rebellious colonel once demanded the abdication of Aliyev and the return of Mütallibov as the price for ending the rebellion. Translation from Alvin Z. Rubinstein, Oles M. Smolansky: Regional Power Rivalries in the New Eurasia: Russia, Turkey, and Iran. ME Sharpe, 1995, ISBN 1-56324-623-6 .
  8. ↑ Christina Bratt Paulston, Donald Peckham: Linguistic Minorities in Central and Eastern Europe. (= Multilingual Matters. 109). Clevedon 1998, ISBN 1-85359-416-4 , p. 106.
  9. ↑ Translation from Resolution ResCMN (2004) 8 Council of Europe on 13 July of 2004.