Ayyuqi

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Mahmud of Ghazni and Ayaz, miniature painting, 15th century

Ayyuqi is a Persian poet of the 11th century , the romantic story of Warqa and Gulschah ( Varqa o Golshah brought) into verse. He may have worked in Ghazna at the court of the Ghaznawid Sultan Abu Qasem Mahmud , whom he praised in his foreword to Warqa and Gulschah. Here he himself gave his name as Ayyuqi , but there is next to no information about him.

After the manifest influence of Firdausi's style in Shahnameh , which can be demonstrated in many passages of Ayyuqi's work Warqa and Gulschah, it is reasonable to assume that Warqa and Golshah appeared after the Shahnameh. Apart from that, Ayyuqi seems to have little knowledge of the literary idiom of his time, which suggests a poet of little further education. His work can also be classified as mediocre in other respects (development of topics, representation of emotions).

A special feature of the work is the interlacing of ten ghazals (In Motaqareb Versmas) in the narrative structure, a method that is not used by then - but was often imitated later. The use of archaic words, their pronunciation (vocalized writing) and the evidence of specific grammatical peculiarities point to the early 11th century as the time of publication of this work and make it interesting from a philological point of view .

The work was based on Arabic sources - the adventures and romance of Urwa and Afra - of which Ayyuqi (as he himself stated) was the first to create a Persian version. Elements of history later penetrated (in a modified form) into Spanish and French literature . They formed the basis for the romance Floire et Blancheflor, popular in the 12th century .

The work survived in a single manuscript in the Topkapi-Sarayi Museum Istanbul , which is decorated with 71 color illustrations. The undated manuscript was probably not later than the 13th century. A facsimile - edition was in Graz , Austria produced.

See also : Persian literature

plant

German-language editions

literature

  • Djalal Khaleghi-Motlagh: Ayyuqi . In: Encyclopædia Iranica . Routledge & Kegan Paul Inc., New York, NY 1987, pp. 167-168 .
  • Zabihollah Safa: Comparaison des origines et des sources des deux contes persans: "Leyli et Madjnoun" de Nizami et "Varqah et Golchah" de Ayouqi . Accademia Nazionale dei Lincei, Roma 1977.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Alexandra Lavizzari: Notes. In: Ayyuqi: Warqa and Gulschah. Translated from Persian and afterword by Alexandra Lavizzari. Unionsverlag, Zurich 2001, pp. 158–160; here: p. 158
personal data
SURNAME Ayyuqi
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Persian poet
DATE OF BIRTH 10th century or 11th century
DATE OF DEATH 11th century