Böda Kronopark

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The Böda Kronopark is an eco-park on the northern tip of the Swedish Baltic island of Öland . A Kronopark is a forest area in which the Swedish state has both ownership and usage rights.

Landscape and ecology

The area of ​​the ecopark is characterized by different forest forms. Pitch pine forests , wetlands, calcareous soils with a variety of orchids , deciduous forests, pine heaths , meadows and pastures as well as long beaches characterize the appearance of the park and represent its high natural value.

Several nature reserves belong to the ecopark , such as Trollskogen , Bödakusten östra , Böda backar , Idegransreservatet , Bödakusten västra , Skeppersäng , Lindreservatet , Grankulla Sjörstorp and Vargeslätt . Also noteworthy is the planted in the 19th century Thujaskogen , the old pine forest of Fagerrör and originally intended for ship masts Masteträden . In Älgmaden , a formerly drained wetland restoration one is attempted.

Management

While parts of the area are designated as nature reserves, other areas are used for forestry purposes. The park is operated by the Swedish state company Sveaskog . In addition to forestry use, nature conservation issues are to be taken into account in a special way and the ecological value of the area increased.

Particular attention is paid to the pitch pine forests, which had developed on the calcareous soils through grazing and which give habitat to rare types of grass and orchids. The character of this landscape is to be preserved or restored through forestry and grazing.

The area is also used for local recreation and tourism. There is an information center in Skäftekärr , where bicycles can be hired and accommodation can be booked. There is a restaurant and an arboretum here . A remaining stretch of the former forest railway is used as Böda Skogsjärnväg in museum operation.

history

The many traces of settlement from the Iron Age in the area of ​​the Böda Ecopark testify to a long history of settlement in the area. In 1569 the whole of Öland was declared a royal hunting park, which resulted in significant cuts for the local population, such as a hunting ban and restriction of the right to log. While these restrictions ceased to apply in most of Öland in 1801, the area around Böda remained in royal ownership. A permanent conflict arose with the local farmers, who nevertheless used the forests for logging, especially for lime burners , the extraction of tar and house building. In 1850 the situation came to a head. In the course of a lawsuit over wood theft, the Bödaupproret , the Böda uprising , came about in 1850 . 110 soldiers were ordered from mainland Sweden to put down the uprising. In the park is the Mittmille stone , one of the few remaining building blocks from the 18th or 19th century.

The Swedish state then acquired the Skäftekärr Gard farm and set up a tree nursery there in 1860 . JE Bohmann , the first hunting master deployed on Skäftekärr, initiated extensive reforestation to stop the problematic spread of the sand. Until then, Bohmann was also using foreign tree species on Öland. Even today there are species that are unusual for the region, such as Douglas firs , gigantic trees and Weymouths pines , which go back to Bohmann's service.

literature

  • Ökopark Böda , leaflet, June 2008

Web links

Coordinates: 57 ° 15 ′ 36 ″  N , 17 ° 0 ′ 0 ″  E