Börtschifffahrt
Börtschifffahrt , also known as Beurtschifffahrt , is the liner shipping on the Rhine that has existed since the Middle Ages . In contrast to order-related shipping, the ship travels according to a specific service .
The term comes from the Dutch : Beurtscheepvaart . Until the end of the 19th century, Dutch was the most common language of everyday life in the Lower Rhine. Beurt in this context means regular sequence . In Germany, the term Börtschifffahrt is closely related to the history of Duisburg and the Lower Rhine . The first German liner connection arose from negotiations between the city of Duisburg and the Wesel skipper Gisbert Koch, as a result of which, in 1674, constant freight and passenger traffic between Duisburg and Nijmegen was established.
Börtschifffahrt reached its greatest extent in the late 18th century, when during the war between France and Germany the Rhine above Duisburg as far as Mainz was closed and the Duisburg port was transformed into a huge goods transshipment point. Due to the Octro Convention , which was supposed to simplify the Rhine customs system and which was agreed between the German Empire and France in 1804, Duisburg lost its outstanding importance as many Rhine customs offices were abolished.
The trade ban on goods from the county of Mark and the continental ban on imports from England finally led to the temporary suspension of the Börtschifffahrt in 1810. Only with the departure of the French in 1814 were direct Bört ship routes to Rotterdam , Amsterdam and Antwerp established again. After another high point in 1830, Bört shipping succumbed to the more modern and efficient competition in the middle of the 19th century , which was driven by the Prussian Rheinische Dampfschifffahrtsgesellschaft founded in Cologne in 1825 .
See also
literature
- Lübbert Eiken Lübbers: Ostfriesland shipping and sea fishing . Salzwasser-Verlag, Paderborn 2012 ISBN 978-3-84601-541-4 , p. 39 ( Google Books )
- Heinrich Averdunk: The Duisburger Börtschiffahrt , Duisburg 1905