Badr ad-Din Lulu

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Dedication picture of an edition of the songbook of Abū l-Faraj al-Isfahānī from the 13th century. The name of Badr ad-Din Lulu can be read on the inscribed cuffs (ṭirāz) of the depicted ruler.
Coin of Badr al Din Lulu from Mosul ( British Museum ).

Badr ad-Din Lulu ( Arabic بدر الدين لؤلؤ, DMG Badr ad-Dīn Luʾluʾ ; † 1259 ) was the Atabeg of the last Zengids of Mosul and after their extinction in 1234 until his death he was the sole ruler of this city.

Lulu ("Pearl") was a native Armenian and was sold into slavery to the Zengidenemir of Mosul as a child. As a military slave ( mamlūk ) he rose to a high political position under the Emir Arslan Shah I , which after his death in 1211 actually gave him the undivided rulership as Atabeg for his sons. After the last Zengide Mahmud died in 1234 without an heir, Lulu was able to continue the rule unchallenged. He is officially recognized as ruler (al-Malik al-Rahim) by the caliph who resides in Baghdad . His rulership roughly included what is now northern Iraq , which he was able to defend against the Syrian Ayyubids and the Rum Seljuks . From the 1230s he leaned against the newly emerging power of the Mongols in the Middle East and finally submitted to Ilchan Hülegü , who invaded the Mesopotamia in 1258.

After Lulu's death in 1259, his son Ismail, with the help of the Egyptian Mamluks, attempted to free Mossul from the supremacy of the Mongols, which, however, resulted in the destruction of the city.

Lulu had done a lot of building work in Mosul and was a patron of the arts and sciences. His protégés also included the famous historian Ibn al-Athīr († 1233), who probably wrote his universal history (al-Kāmil fī ʾt-tarīch) on behalf of Lulu.

source

  • Ibn al-Athīr , al-Kāmil fī ʾt-taʾrīkh, in: RHC, Historiens Orientaux , Vol. 2.1 (1887), pp. 129-131, 133-140, 142f, 151, 153.
  • Ibn al-Athīr, Taʾrīkh ad-daulah al-atābakīyah mulūk al-Mauṣil, in: RHC, Historiens Orientaux, Vol. 2.2 (1876), pp. 362, 373-374.
  • Abu'l-Fida , Mukhtassartaʾrikh al-Bashar, in: RHC, Historiens Orientaux, Vol. 1 (1872), pp. 86, 91, 98, 115, 120, 128, 138.

literature

  • Reuven Amitai-Preiss , Mongols and Mamluks: The Mamluk-Ilkhanid War 1260-1281, (2005), pp. 60f.
  • Douglas Patton, Badr al-Dīn Lu'lu ', Atabeg of Mosul, 1211-1259. Seattle, 1991.
  • Max van Berchem, The metal basin of the Atabek Lulu von Mosul in the royal library in Munich, in: Münchner Jahrbuch der bildenden Kunst, Vol. 2 (1907), pp. 18–37.

Web links

Commons : Badr ad-Din Lulu  - collection of images, videos and audio files
predecessor Office successor
Nasir ad-Din Mahmud
(Zengid Dynasty)
Ruler of Mosul
1234–1259
Rukn ad-Din Ismail