Baker Defense
| Baker Defense / St. George Defense | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Trains | 1. e4 a6 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| ECO key | B00 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Named after | J. Baker, St. Georg | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
The Baker Defense is a chess opening .
After the moves 1. e2 – e4 a7 – a6 ?! (in English called St. George Defense or Baker Defense ) the result is a very seldom played defense, the aim of which is to build up with 2.… b7 – b5 and then fianchette the queen bishop . The move Randbauer a7 – a6 follows similar ideas as the Sokolski opening (1. b2 – b4). However, since the black player loses a pace after this move compared to the white player, who also has the draw advantage , and takes the chance to achieve immediate counterplay in the center, this defense is therefore very rarely played and has hardly been researched.
This black opening election of the English grandmaster Tony Miles in his game against the then world champion Anatoly Karpov caused a stir in 1980 . Miles won after an inaccuracy by the Russian in the middlegame .
history
The first known game was a simultaneous game between the English amateur J. Baker and the first world chess champion Wilhelm Steinitz on December 11, 1868. The game was won by Baker. Probably the best-known use of defense was in Skara in 1980, when Miles defeated then world champion Anatoly Karpov . Since then, the defense has also been known as the " Birmingham Defense " - the name of Miles' hometown.
Even Boris Spassky played this defense, in the 22nd game of the World Chess Championship 1966 against the world champion Tigran Petrosian . The game began with 1. d4 b5 ( Polish Defense ), but became a Baker Defense by moving 2. e4 Bb7 3. f3 a6. It was a very poor use of this defense: Petrosian won the game, which gave him the 12 points needed to keep the title.
theory
The St. George defense is generally seen as a weak answer to 1. e4 - compared to 1.… e5, 1.… e6, 1.… c5 or 1.… c6. But it is also seen as weaker compared to the Owen defense (1. e4 b6 2. d4 Bb7) because Black only uses three moves for the development of his queen bishop; the Owen defense only needs two for this, while White is given the opportunity to occupy the center and would also be ready for castling .
The main line in this opening begins with 1. e4 a6 !? 2. d4 b5 and then branches out. The main line continues with 3. Nf3 Bb7 4. Bd3 e6 5. 0–0 Nf6. Another important variant is the “three pawn attack”, sometimes also referred to as the “Saint George's Gambit”, this continues with 3. c4 e6 !? 4. cxb5 axb5 5. Bxb5 Bb7.
Saint George is sometimes used to prevent the white bishop from occupying b5 in order to continue as in the French defense .
Michael Basman contributed largely to the theoretical processing of this variant .
variants
By move 2. Bf1 – c4 ?! White can set a trap , since Black cannot now with 2.… b7 – b5 ?? can continue without being disadvantaged. The runner sacrifice follows :
- 3. Bc4xf7 + Ke8xf7 4. Qd1 – h5 + g7 – g6 (after 4.… Kf7 – f6 follows 5. Qh5 – f5 mate ) 5. Qh5 – d5 + with winning the rook on a8. 4.… Kf7 – e6 is also not possible, since 5. Qh5 – d5 + Ke6 – f6 6. Qd5 – f5 mates.
On 2. Bf1 – c4 Black can, however, e7 – e6! reply that the bishop must move again after the following pawn advance b7 – b5 or d7 – d5.
In variants without an early Bc4, a move to Modern Defense with 2.… g7 – g6 and 3.… Bf8 – g7 is quite possible.
Considerable lot
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- Anatoly Karpov- Tony Miles 0-1
- European Team Championship Skara , January 1980
- Baker Defense, B00
- 1. e4 a6 2. d4 b5 3. Nf3 Bb7 4. Bd3 Nf6 5. De2 e6 6. a4 c5 7. dxc5 Bxc5 8. Nbd2 b4 9. e5 Nd5 10. Ne4 Be7 11. 0–0 Nc6 12. Bd2 Qc7 13. c4 bxc3 14. Nxc3 Nxc3 15. Bxc3 Nb4 16. Bxb4 Bxb4 17. Tac1 Qb6 18. Be4 0–0 !? 19. Ng5 ( 19 Lxh7 + !? is a dangerous victim ) h6 20. LH7 + Kh8 21 Lb1 Be7 22 Ne4 Tac8 23 Dd3 TXC1 24 TXC1 Qxb2 25. Te1 dxe5 26 Dxd7 Bb4 27. Te 3 Dd5 28 Qxd5 Bxd5 29.Nc3 Rc8 30. Ne2 g5 31. h4 Kg7 32. hxg5 hxg5 33.Bd3 a5 34. Rg3 Kf6 35. Rg4 Bd6 36. Kf1 Be5 37. Ke1 Rh8 38. f4 gxf4 39. Nxf4 Bc6 40. Ne2 Rh1 + 41 Kd2 Rh2 42. g3 Bf3 43. Rg8 Rg2 44. Ke1 Bxe2 45.Bxe2 Rxg3 46.Ra8 Bc7 0: 1
See also
literature
- Michael Basman : Play the St. George . Pergamon chess openings, 1982, ISBN 0-08-029718-8 .
- Eric Schiller : Unorthodox Chess Openings . Second edition. Cardoza, 2002, ISBN 1-58042-072-9 , pp. 32 .
- Joel Benjamin, Eric Schiller: Unorthodox Openings . Macmillan Publishing Company , 1987, ISBN 0-02-016590-0 , pp. 44-49 .
- Michael Basman: Play the St. George. Pergamon Press, Oxford 1983, ISBN 0-08-029717-X .
- Michael Basman: The New St. George. Cadogan, London 1993, ISBN 1-85744-019-6 .
Web links
- ... a6 St. George Defense in Wikibooks (in English)
- Detailed analysis of the opening (in English)
- Chessdatabase
- Article with examples (in English)