Balthasar Ayala

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Balthasar Ayala (born 1548 in Antwerp ; died September 16, 1584 ) was a Spanish lawyer and military judge who grew up in the Netherlands . It was in the service of the Spanish Army during the Eighty Years War . He wrote a book on war and military discipline entitled De jure et officiis bellicis et disciplina militari libri III ( Three Books on Martial Law, Military Offices and Military Affairs ), which first appeared in Latin in 1582. In it he advocated the teaching that civilians could not be deliberately attacked by armed forces. He was an important precursor of Grotius (1583-1645), who often refers to his de jure . Balthasar Ayala dealt in particular with the subject of the siege of cities and the looting. His work was included in Carnegie's Classics of International Law series . Balthasar Ayala belonged to the School of Salamanca , the first school of international natural law or natural law, founded by the Dominican Francisco de Vitoria (1483-1546) from the University of Salamanca . Another representative of this school was the Jesuit Francisco Suárez (1548–1617). Ayala recognized various legitimate war aims, including avenging justice, national defense, the suppression of infidels who oppose the spread of the gospel, and the punishment of rebellious subjects.

Works

  • De Jure Et Officiis Bellicis Et Disciplina Militari Libri III. Edited by John Westlake. Washington: Carnegie Institution, 1912. Digitized reprint. Buffalo: William S. Hein & Co, 1995. Carnegie Classics of International Law .
  • Three Books On the Law of War and on the Duties Connected with War and on Military Discipline. Translated by John Pawley Bate. Washington: Carnegie Institution, 1912. Digitized Reprinted by WS Hein, 1995. Carnegie Classics of International Law

See also

References and footnotes

  1. ↑ cf. Classics of International Law - lawbookexchange.com

literature

Web links

personal data
SURNAME Ayala, Balthasar
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Ayala, Balthasar de; Ayala, Balthazar; Ayala, Balthasar d '
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Spanish lawyer and military judge
DATE OF BIRTH 1548
PLACE OF BIRTH Antwerp
DATE OF DEATH September 16, 1584