Bartram's Garden
| Bartram's Garden | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| National Register of Historic Places | |||
| National Historic Landmark | |||
 John Bartram House |
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| location | Philadelphia , Pennsylvania | ||
| Coordinates | 39 ° 55 '50 " N , 75 ° 12' 45" W | ||
| Built | 1728 | ||
| architect | John Bartram | ||
| NRHP number | 66000676 | ||
| Data | |||
| The NRHP added | October 15, 1966 | ||
| Declared as an NHL | October 9, 1960 | ||
Bartram's Garden in Philadelphia is the oldest surviving botanical garden in North America. The complex includes an eight-acre arboretum and John Bartram House , where the founder of the same name lived. The fully preserved house is a National Historic Landmark .
history
Bartram's Garden was laid out from 1728 by the Quaker John Bartram. He was a botanist and co-founded the American Philosophical Society with Benjamin Franklin . John Bartram lived in the third generation in the Thirteen Colonies and bought the 102 acres of land on the Schuylkill River from Swedish settlers. He laid out a garden with a diverse selection of native flora and built the John Bartram House, which is still in its original state. This received a kitchen and a new front facade by 1770. The greenhouse , built in 1760, has been preserved like the house and garden. Business lists from London show an international trade in plants from Bartram's Garden from the 1750s. Thomas Jefferson and George Washington valued this place as a recreational area.
Three generations of Bartrams, including William Bartram , who became famous as a botanist and author , continued the Botanical Garden for 125 years. Under Ann Bartram Carr, a niece of William Bartram, Bartram's Garden was enlarged and at its height it had ten greenhouses and 1,400 different native and 1,000 foreign plant varieties . In 1850 the property had to be sold to Andrew Eastwick for financial reasons.
Eastwick, a wealthy railroad industrialist, received the Botanical Gardens as a private property. After his death in 1879, Bartram's Garden was endangered by the expanding city and industrialization . In 1891, the city of Philadelphia was able to acquire the property and house , largely supported by donation campaigns by Thomas Meehan and Charles Sargent . In 1893 the descendants of John Bartram founded a society for the care and maintenance of Bartram's Garden, the John Bartram Association. This is still responsible for the maintenance and management of Bartram's Garden.
John Bartram House has been a National Historic Landmark since October 9, 1960. On October 15, 1966, it was added to the National Register of Historic Places .
Web links
- Bartram's Garden. In: web presence. John Bartram Association , accessed April 20, 2016 .
- Richard Greenwood: Photo Collection. In: National Register of Historic Places database. National Park Service , July 1974, accessed September 20, 2014 (PDF 1.16 MB).
Individual evidence
- ↑ Historic Bartram's Garden. King's botanist in America. In: web presence ushistory.org. Independence Hall Association , August 2000, accessed January 26, 2013 .
- ↑ John Bartram. In: website of the organization. John Bartram Association , archived from the original on March 17, 2015 ; accessed on January 26, 2013 (English).
- ↑ William Bartram. In: website of the organization. John Bartram Association , archived from the original on March 12, 2015 ; accessed on January 26, 2013 (English).
- ^ Robert and Ann Bartram Carr. In: website of the organization. John Bartram Association , archived from the original on February 26, 2015 ; accessed on January 26, 2013 (English).
- ↑ Andrew Eastwick. In: website of the organization. John Bartram Association , archived from the original on February 26, 2015 ; accessed on January 26, 2013 (English).
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↑ John Bartram House. (No longer available online.) In: National Historic Landmarks Program (NHL). National Park Service, archived from the original on March 29, 2010 ; accessed on January 13, 2013 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Listing of National Historic Landmarks by State: Pennsylvania. National Park Service , accessed February 11, 2020.
- ↑ Entry in the National Register Information System . National Park Service , accessed April 20, 2016.
