Bergmeister

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The Bergmeister (lat. Magister montium) was according to the older Berg laws one at a Bergamt active Berg official of the first or bottom instance . There were Bergmeister in every mountain district in Germany. The title of Bergmeister was first mentioned in 1212 in the Admont Abbey. In Austria the mountain master was also referred to as the Obrist mountain master .

Tasks and function

The Bergmeister was a member of the Mining Authority and partly also worked as a director of the Mining Authority. Often the mountain master was subordinate to several areas. In the mountain areas of the Harz there was the chief miner who, as mine director, was responsible for an entire mine complex. Several sub-miners were subordinate to him, each headed a smaller mountain district. In Prussia, the miner was a civil servant who was appointed to the mining office. There he was then directly subordinate to the respective mining director of the mining office. In Prussia, after the mining regulations were changed, the miner held the position of first district officer . The miner's job was to manage the mines in his area. He was also responsible for concessions, levies and mining supervision. The miner had the duty to ensure compliance with the mining regulations . He also took care of an orderly mining industry . He was thus one of the practically active mountain officials, but still had a high rank. In the Harz mountain areas, the chief miner was the first leather mining officer. The miner had a not inconsiderable influence, because he was authorized to issue legally binding orders. He also participated in the appointment of the district officials.

Exercise of office

One of his main tasks was to control the pits. Had a miner a pit muted so gave the Bergmeister him to request the mining law. These sailed the Bergmeister the new pit and left her by a mine surveyor measured . The mother had to swear by a solemn oath that he was the first to mute the site. The mountain master lent the length fields adjoining the treasure trove in the same way. The mountain master also exercised judicial duties. Could a prosecutor to prove by witnesses that trades on three successive layers no Hauer had done, the Bergmeister eluded these trades, the mining law and gave it to the Prosecutor. The miner was also authorized to shut down the pits in the event of safety deficiencies, or he could, if the deficiencies were not remedied within a certain period of time, give the plaintiff the right to claim. These function as Bergrichter was lifted according to the Ferdinand's Bergordnung in 1783 and instead of the mountain judge own mountain dishes ordered.

Individual evidence

  1. ^ A b Heinrich Veith: German mountain dictionary with evidence . Published by Wilhelm Gottlieb Korn, Breslau 1871.
  2. ^ A b Barbara Dorothea Michels: Specialized civil servants and civil society, the mining and smelting association . Dissertation at the Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum 2012.
  3. ↑ Georg Schreiber: The mining in history, ethos and sacral culture. Springer Fachmedien GmbH, Wiesbaden 1962, ISBN 978-3-663-00242-0 , pp. 496, 523-535.
  4. ↑ a b Max Joseph Gritzner: Commentary on the Ferdinandeische Bergordnung from 1553. In Praumüller and Seidel, Vienna 1842.
  5. ↑ Carl Hartmann (Ed.): Concise dictionary of the mountain, hut and Saltwork science of mineralogy and geognosy . First volume, second completely revised edition, Bernhard Friedrich Voigt bookstore, Weimar 1859.
  6. ↑ a b W. Rothert: The leading officials of the mining town Clausthal from the oldest time to the present . Festschrift for the 31st annual meeting of the Harz Association for Antiquity and History, Grosse'sche Buchhandlung, Clausthal 1898, pp. 8–9.
  7. ↑ Explanatory dictionary of the technical terms and foreign words that occur in mining in metallurgy and in salt works and technical articulations that occur in salt works. Falkenberg'schen Buchhandlung publishing house, Burgsteinfurt 1869.
  8. ^ Alphabet of local lore (last accessed on June 4, 2012).
  9. ^ The early mining of the Ruhr (last accessed on June 4, 2012).
  10. ↑ a b Genealogical Terms (last accessed on June 4, 2012).
  11. ↑ Swen Rinmann: General mining dictionary . First part, Fr. Chr. W. Vogel, Leipzig 1808.
  12. ^ Johann Christoph Stößel (Ed.): Mining dictionary. Chemnitz 1778.
  13. ^ Georg Agricola: Twelve books on mining and metallurgy. Edited in a new German translation by Carl Schiffner , with the assistance of Ernst Darmstaedter. VDI-Verlag GmbH et al., Berlin et al. 1928 (Unchanged reprint: Marix, Wiesbaden 2006, ISBN 3-86539-097-8 ), fourth book of the mine fields and of the miners' offices.
  14. ^ Otto Freiherr von Hingenau : Handbuch der Beregrechtskunde. Published by Friedrich Manz, Vienna 1855.
  15. ^ Hermann Brassert: Mountain orders of the Prussian lands. FC Eisen's Königliche Hof-Buch- und Kunsthandlung, Cologne 1858.