Bernardo O'Higgins Station
Coordinates: 63 ° 19 ′ 15 ″ S , 57 ° 53 ′ 55 ″ W.
The Bernardo O'Higgins station , officially called Base General Bernardo O'Higgins Riquelme , also Base Libertador General Bernardo O'Higgins Riquelme , named after Bernardo O'Higgins , is a permanently manned Chilean research station in the Antarctic and the capital of the municipality of Antártica in the Chilean region of Magallanes y de la Antártica Chilena . It is 63 ° 19 '15 " S , 57 ° 53' 55" W at an altitude of 13 m about 30 km southwest of Prime Head , the northernmost point of the Antarctic Peninsula on Cape Legoupil of the Trinity Peninsula .
history
The base was built on February 18, 1948 by the 2nd Chilean Antarctic Expedition and is thus one of the longest continuously operated stations in Antarctica. The team consists of 16 people in winter, the top line-up in summer is usually 44 people. The stations provide accommodation for up to 60 people. The station is operated by the Chilean army and there the Departamento Antártico del Ejército (DAE). The station is located at the natural harbor Covadonga Harbor .
In 1991 the German satellite ground station GARS-O'Higgins (German Antarctic Receiving Station) of the German Aerospace Center (DLR) was built at the station.
Historic site
The historic site at Cape Legoupil includes the following structures of historic value:
- the statue of Bernardo O'Higgins in front of the station of the same name, erected in 1948 in honor of the first President of Chile, who recognized the importance of Antarctica. The site is representative of activity prior to the International Geophysical Year and has symbolic significance in the history of Antarctica exploration since the Dragón ship docked on the coast of Antarctica in 1820 during the reign of O'Higgins .
- the former Capitán-General Bernardo O'Higgins Riquelme Antarctic Station, unveiled on February 18, 1948 by the President of the Republic of Chile, Gabriel González Videla, the first President to visit Antarctica. It is regarded as an example of an early station in modern Antarctic research.
- the plaque for Lieutenant Oscar Inostroza Contreras and Lieutenant Sergio Ponce Torrealba, who perished in Antarctica on August 12, 1957.
- the Virgin of Carmen grotto, in the vicinity of the base, built in the 1970s, which serves as a place of spiritual contemplation for the employees of the various Antarctic stations and expeditions.
At the suggestion of Chile, the station was included in the list of Historic Site or Monument under number 37 as part of an Antarctic Treaty Consultative Meeting .
climate
The Bernardo O'Higgins station is climatically on the border between the polar climate ( effective climate classification EF ) and the tundra climate ( ET ). The average annual precipitation is 771 mm and falls evenly over the year. Temperatures are frosty all year round, with January being the warmest month (average temperature 1 ° C) and July being the coldest month with an average temperature of -9 ° C.
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Monthly average temperatures and rainfall for Bernardo-O'Higgins Station
Source: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), (1961–1990 averages, extremes 1953 – today)
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See also
Web links
- Base General Bernardo O'Higgins on the website of the Instituto Antártico Chileno (INACH)
- Festschrift for the station's 65th birthday, 2013 (Spanish)
- The O'Higgins Penguin Webcam (gentoo penguins; seasonal)
Individual evidence
- ↑ ( Page no longer available , search in web archives: Base General Bernardo O'Higgins ) (PDF).
- ↑ List of Historic Sites and Monuments approved by the ATCM (2012) (PDF) Antarctic Treaty Secretariat. 2012. Accessed December 31, 2013.
- ↑ Base Antarctica as O'Hig Climate Normals 1961-1990 . National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration . Retrieved February 19, 2014.