Bernat Fenollar

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Bernat Fenollar

Bernat Fenollar (* between 1435 and 1440 in Penàguila, Alcoià, Spain , † February 29, 1516 in Valencia ) was a Valencian clergyman , cultural patron and poet . He wore the title of Mossen which the one Cavallers was similar. Bernat is the Catalan spelling of the first name. The Spanish form Bernardo is occasionally found in literature .

Life

Bernat Fenollar was born between 1435 and 1440 in Penàguila, a small town in the Alcoià district in the province of Alicante , and came from a distinguished family. His father was Juan Fenollar and his mother was named Violante. He had a brother Mateo and a sister Isabel. The oldest evidence that Fenollar had a function (sotsobrer) in the cathedral of Valencia date from 1467 . He later became cathedral priest and headmaster. In 1497 he founded a vicariate in the parish of San Lorenzo Mártir, where he also worked as a vicar. In 1503 he was the bankruptcy administrator of the city and in 1510 he was elected Professor of Mathematics at the University of Valencia. He was also in close contact with King Ferdinand II of Aragon , for whom he worked as correspondence secretary and as chaplain and director of the choir.

Bernat Fenollar is particularly prominent as a cultural promoter and organizer of literary competitions. But he was also considered one of the leading poets of his time and belonged to the Escola Satírica Valenciana . One of the most important literary circles in the city gathered in his house, at whose meetings the Catalan language was celebrated and helped to flourish. The focus was on the joy of poetry and the atmosphere was comradely, which is reflected in the many co-authored works. Famous members of this circle were: Jaume Gazull, Joan Moreno, Pere Martínez, Joan Escrivà, Narcís Vinyoles , Francesc de Castellví and Baltasar Portell. Fenollar was secretary of the jury of the poetry competition of March 25, 1474, in which he also took part. The results of this competition were compiled and printed as the first book in Spain under the title Obres o trobes de laors de la Verge Maria .

Works (excerpt)

  • Scachs d'amor , together with Bernat Fenollar and Francesc de Castellví i de Vic , 1470–1490
  • Poems contained in " Obres o trobes de laors de la Verge Maria ", on the occasion of the poets' competition in 1474
  • Respon lo reuerent Mossen Fenollar preuere tirant al marçapa (1486)
  • Lo Passi en cobles (1493)
  • Lo procés de les olives (1497)
  • Obra feta sobre un deport de la Albufera
  • Questió moguda per Mossen Fenollar preuere a Mossen Iohan Vidal preueve a en Verdanxa ea en Velaspinosa notaris: la qual questio es disputada per tots e de aquells sentenciat per Miguel Stela
  • Demana adeuinatiua de Mossen Fenollar a D. Franci de Castellui ea Vinyoles
  • Sola feta por los tres damunt dits cascu un vers
  • Cobla q. moss. fenollar trames a moss. corella q. legint la tota diu mal e legint la per mitad diu be

Chess meaning

Bernat Fenollar was co-author of the chess poem Scachs d'amor , the first written reference to the game of chess, which was played with new rules (in particular how the queen and bishop move ) . He is therefore, together with his co-authors Francí de Castellví and Narcís Vinyoles as well as the author Francesc Vicent, a co-founder of modern chess. It was in Bernat Fenollar's circle of writers and in his house where the literary and intellectual elite of Valencia met and celebrated the new rules of the game in poetry. In the Scachs d'amor, Fenollar acts as the referee of the game. A connection can be made between the group around Fenollar and the first chess authors Francesc Vicent and Luis Ramírez Lucena from the relationships with the Valencian book printers . Both Lope de Roca (alias Stein) "Alemany", who printed Vicents book in 1495, and Leonard Hutz, printer of Lucena's book in 1497, printed numerous works from Fenollar's literary circle.

See also

literature

  • Ricardo Calvo: Valencia Spain: The Cradle of European Chess (PDF; 166 kB). Presentation to the CCI, Vienna 1998 (English).
  • Diccionari Biogràfic, Vol. 1 (A-C), Alberti Verlag, Barcelona 1966, p. 174 (Spanish).
  • Enciclopèdia Catalana, SAU (online): Narcís Vinyoles , (accessed July 17, 2015).
  • Francisco Martí Grajales: Ensayo de un Diccionario Biográfico y Bibliográfico de los poetas que florecieron en el Reino de Valencia hasta el año 1700 , Madrid 1927, pp. 213-219.
  • Justo Pastor Fusler: Biblioteca valenciana de los escritores que florecieron hasta a la de D. Vicente Ximeno , (Colección Biblioteca Valenciana), Volume 1, Valencia 1827, pp. 51-54 ( digitized ).

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Calvo 1998.
  2. ↑ Marti 1927, p. 214.
  3. ^ Pastor 1827, p. 51.
  4. ↑ Marti p. 213.
  5. ^ Diccionari 1968.
  6. ^ Pastor p. 52.
  7. ↑ Pastor 1827, p. 52 and Diccionari 1968.
  8. ↑ Calvo 1998.
  9. ↑ Enciclopèdia Catalana.
  10. ^ Diccionari 1968.
  11. ^ Diccionari 1968 and Enciclopèdia Catalana.
  12. ↑ Calvo 1998.
personal data
SURNAME Fenollar, Bernat
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Fenollar, Bernardo
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Valencian clergyman and poet
DATE OF BIRTH around 1438
PLACE OF BIRTH Penàguila, Alcoià, Spain
DATE OF DEATH February 29, 1516
Place of death Valencia , Spain