Birch serrated edge tensioner

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Birch serrated edge tensioner
Birch spiked spanner (Ennomos erosaria), male

Birch spiked spanner ( Ennomos erosaria ), male

Systematics
Class : Insects (Insecta)
Order : Butterflies (Lepidoptera)
Family : Spanner (Geometridae)
Subfamily : Ennominae
Genre : Ennomos
Type : Birch serrated edge tensioner
Scientific name
Ennomos erosaria
( Denis & Schiffermüller , 1775)
female
Oak serrated edge tensioner Birch serrated edge tensioner
Oak serrated edge tensioner
Birch serrated edge tensioner

The birch- toothed spanner ( Ennomos erosaria ), sometimes also called birch- spiked spanner , is a butterfly ( moth ) from the spanner family (Geometridae). The specific epithet is derived from the Latin word erosus with the meaning "gnawed out" (eroded) and refers to the serrated wing edge of the butterfly.

features

butterfly

The moths reach a wingspan of 30 to 35 millimeters. The wing tops are usually colored ocher yellow. Sometimes yellow-orange colored specimens appear. The middle field of the forewings is bounded by two dark transverse lines, the inner of which bends at the front edge towards the root. The wing edges are very jagged. The antennae of the males are strong double-comb-toothed, those of the females are very short double-serrated. A proboscis is missing.

egg

The egg is square, box-shaped and colored brown or green. The microphyl rosette has 5 to 6 leaves.

Caterpillar

The caterpillars are very slender and essentially bark brown. They have both dorsal and lateral processes that resemble branch breaks and buds and thus provide good camouflage.

Doll

The pupae are yellowish to ocher in color. The cremaster is conical and has several black hook bristles at the end.

Similar species

The moths of the similarly colored oak serrated edge tensioner ( Ennomos quercinaria ) show less strongly serrated wing edges.

distribution and habitat

The birch serrated edge spanner is widespread in mixed and deciduous forests in Europe. The southeastern occurrence reaches Turkey and the Caucasus . The main habitat are dry deciduous forests and parks. In the southern Alps , the species rises to around 1,600 meters.

Way of life

The moths are mostly nocturnal and fly between late June and late October. They appear at night in artificial light sources . In their resting position, they usually bend their wings at an angle. The eggs are laid in rows on branches or leaves and overwinter. The caterpillars live between May and August of the following year and feed on the leaves of various hardwoods, including birch ( Betula ), oak ( Quercus ), linden ( Tilia ) and red beech ( Fagus sylvatica ).

Danger

The birch spiked edge spanner is widespread in Germany, occurs in large numbers in certain areas and is classified as “not endangered”.

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Arnold Spuler: The butterflies of Europe , Volume 2, E. Schweizerbart'sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, Stuttgart, 1910, p. 92
  2. ^ A b Walter Forster , Theodor A. Wohlfahrt : The butterflies of Central Europe. Volume 5: Spanner. (Geometridae). Franckh'sche Verlagshandlung, Stuttgart 1981, ISBN 3-440-04951-5 , p. 211
  3. ^ Günter Ebert (Ed.): The butterflies of Baden-Württemberg. 1st edition. Volume 9. Moths VII. Geometridae 2nd part. 1 Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim), 2003, ISBN 3-8001-3279-6 , pp. 395-396
  4. ↑ Markku Savela: distribution. In: Lepidoptera and some other life forms. Retrieved November 5, 2019 .
  5. ↑ Manfred Koch: We identify butterflies. Volume 3: Owls. 2nd, expanded edition. , Neumann Verlag, Leipzig / Radebeul, 1972, pp. 204/205

literature

  • Günter Ebert (Ed.): The butterflies of Baden-Württemberg. 1st edition. Volume 9. Moths VII. Geometridae 2nd part. 1 Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim), 2003, ISBN 3-8001-3279-6
  • Walter Forster , Theodor A. Wohlfahrt : The butterflies of Central Europe. Volume 5: Spanner. (Geometridae). Franckh'sche Verlagshandlung, Stuttgart 1981, ISBN 3-440-04951-5 .

Web links

Commons : Birch Pointed Edge Spanner  - Collection of Images, Videos, and Audio Files