Bitterlings (fish)
| Bitterlings | ||||||||||||
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Bitterling ( Rhodeus amarus ) |
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| Systematics | ||||||||||||
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| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Acheilognathidae | ||||||||||||
| Bleeker , 1863 |
The bitterlings (Acheilognathidae) are a family of the carp-like (Cypriniformes). The fish live in Asia , with the exception of Central Asia , but including Japan . Two types are also found in Europe .
Bitterlings have a relatively long anal fin , which is supported by nine to twelve fin rays and extends forward to under the dorsal fin . Barbels are absent or only small. The fish have only one row of the fangs characteristic of carp fish. They are 4.7 to 27.5 inches long.
Reproduction
Bitterlings spawn in the mantle cavity of river and pond mussels (Unionidae) (genera Unio and Anodonta ). To do this, the male lures the female to a mussel. In order to safely lay the eggs in the mussel, the females form a long laying tube during the spawning season. The males grow pearl organs on the tip of the snout during spawning.
Genera
- Family Acheilognathidae
- Acanthorhodeus Bleeker, 1871 (2 species)
- Acheilognathus Bleeker, 1860 (37 species)
- Paracheilognathus (Günther, 1868) (1 species)
- Paratanakia Chang et al., 2014
- Pseudorhodeus Chang et al., 2014
- Rhodeus Agassiz, 1832 (18 species)
- Sinorhodeus Li et al., 2017 (1 species)
- Tanakia Jordan & Thompson, 1914 (3 types)
Systematics
The bitterlings were introduced as a taxon in 1863 by the Dutch ichthyologist Pieter Bleeker . For a long time they were considered a subfamily of the carp fish (Cyprinidae). Stout and colleagues raised all subfamilies of the Cyprinidae to family status in 2016. The scientific fish database Catalog of Fishes took over this and now leads the bitterlings as well as the other former subfamilies of the Cyprinidae as independent families.
literature
- Joseph S. Nelson: Fishes of the World. John Wiley & Sons, 2006, ISBN 0-471-25031-7 .
- Günther Sterba : The world's freshwater fish. 2nd Edition. Urania, Leipzig / Jena / Berlin 1990, ISBN 3-332-00109-4 .
supporting documents
- ↑ Maurice Kottelat, Jörg Freyhof: Handbook of European freshwater fishes . Kottelat and Freyhof, Cornol (Switzerland) and Berlin 2007, ISBN 978-2-8399-0298-4 , pp. 82-84.
- ↑ Richard van der Laan, William N. Eschmeyer & Ronald Fricke: Family-group names of Recent fishes. Zootaxa 3882 (2): 001-230 doi: 10.11646 / zootaxa.3882.1.1
- ↑ Stout, CC, Tan, M., Lemmon, AR, Moriarty Lemmon, E. & Armbruster, JW (2016): Resolving Cypriniformes relationships using an anchored enrichment approach. BMC Evolutionary Biology, November 2016. DOI: 10.1186 / s12862-016-0819-5
- ↑ Eschmeyer, WN & Fong, JD: Catalog of Fishes Species by Family / Subfamily, accessed on September 11, 2018
