Blue head pitpit
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| Blue head pitpit | ||||||||||||
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Pitpit ( Dacnis cayana ), male |
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| Dacnis cayana | ||||||||||||
| ( Linnaeus , 1766) |
The Blaukopfpitpit ( Dacnis cayana ) is a bird of the family of tanagers (Thraupidae). It occurs from Costa Rica to Trinidad and Venezuela as well as from Colombia to Paraguay and the south of Brazil .
features
The blue head pitpit is a small Dacnis species with a thin, pointed beak that reaches a body length of 11 to 12 centimeters. Animals of the subspecies Dacnis cayana paraguayensis gain a weight of up to 15 grams, the other subspecies 10 to 15.5 grams.
The species shows a pronounced sexual dimorphism . The males of the pit pit have a turquoise blue and black plumage. The females, on the other hand, are predominantly green and gray in color.
Way of life
Pitpits are vivacious birds that can often be seen spinning around in the branches of bushes. They build their deep bowl nest free-standing in the bushes. It is padded with grasses, plant fibers and plant wool. The female lays two to three eggs. The incubation period is 13 days.
The birds singing is a faint whisper.
Systematics and distribution
The blue head pitpit can be divided into three groups:
- the eastern group with:
- of the southern subspecies Dacnis cayana paraguayensis , origin from northeastern Argentina via eastern Paraguay to eastern and southern Brazil . In the Ubatuba region, the contact area extends from the southern Dacnis cayana paraguayensis to the northern Dacnis cayana cayana .
- the northern subspecies, this is the nominate form Dacnis cayana cayana , origin in eastern Colombia , Venezuela (in the region of Maracaibo , and generally on the eastern slopes of the Andes and in the Orinoco Delta), Trinidad and Tobago , Brazil (except southern and Eastern Brazil) and Guyana .
- the northern group with:
- the northern subspecies Dacnis cayana callaina , origin western Costa Rica and northwestern Panama ( Chiriquí ).
- of the southern subspecies Dacnis cayana ultramarina , origin southern Panama and northwestern Colombia (on the west side of the Gulf of Urabá).
- the western group with:
- Dacnis cayana napaea , origin in northern Colombia of the Santa Marta region, east side of the Gulf of Urabá and in the lower part of the Magdalena valley.
- Dacnis cayana baudona , origin Pacific coast of Colombia (from Baudó Mts), southwest to western Ecuador (at least Pichincha ), maybe formerly also in southern Guyana.
- Dacnis cayana coerebicolor , origin in northern Colombia ( Cauca Valley ) and middle and upper part of the Magdalena Valley.
- Dacnis cayana glaucogularis , origin in southeastern Colombia, eastern part of Ecuador , northern Peru .
The problem with the identification of the western group is quite big, since the contact areas of the respective subspecies partially overlap. A hybridization of several subspecies with each other can not be excluded in this case. It is also doubted whether there are still purely genetic species.
Individual evidence
- ^ S. Hilty (2019). Blue Dacnis (Dacnis cayana). In: del Hoyo, J., Elliott, A., Sargatal, J., Christie, DA & de Juana, E. (eds.). Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive. Lynx Edicions, Barcelona. ( Online )
Web links
- Dacnis cayana in the endangered Red List species the IUCN 2008. Posted by: BirdLife International, 2008. Accessed January 31 of 2009.
- Videos, photos and sound recordings of Dacnis cayana in the Internet Bird Collection