View from the study
View from the study of Le Gras ( French title La cour du domaine du Gras "The courtyard of the manor of Le Gras" or Point de vue du Gras "View of Le Gras") is the first successfully taken and preserved photograph in the world. It was made in 1826 by Joseph Nicéphore Niépce in Saint-Loup-de-Varennes , France . The photo shows the view from the study of Niépce's estate Le Gras . From the left, a viewer first sees the frame of the window sash, the tower-like dovecote of the estate, further away a tree, a small building with a pent roof and finally a tower-shaped chimney, probably from the bakery .
Nicéphore Niépce created the photo with the help of a camera obscura . This focused on a tin plate of 20 cm × 25 cm in size coated with natural asphalt dissolved in lavender oil . The asphalt mixture hardened lighter or darker depending on the degree of exposure. After an exposure time of eight hours, the plate could be washed out with a mixture of lavender oil and petroleum, thereby fixing the photo. One optical effect of the long exposure time was that the buildings in the picture did not cast shadows on either side.
Niépce tried to gain public interest in the method he named heliography and traveled to London to present his photo to the Royal Society . This failed, and Niépce gave the picture to the British botanist Francis Bauer . It later became the property of Henry Baden Pritchard . The work was last exhibited to the public in 1898 and then fell into oblivion.
In 1952 Helmut Gernsheim acquired the photo and, with the help of Kodak specialists , a copy was made for the first time.
In 1963, the University of Texas finally acquired Helmut Gernsheim's record. It has since been exhibited in Austin at the University's Harry Ransom Humanities Research Center.
Because of the great sensitivity - the photo is presented oxygen-free in a box filled with noble gas - the photo is in principle not awarded. An exception was made for the exhibition The Hour of Birth of Photography , as part of which it was on view in Mannheim from September 2012 to January 2013, as the other part of Gernsheim's collection is located here in the Reiss-Engelhorn Museums .
Table prête
Roland Barthes shows in the Spanish edition of his book La Chambre claire ( La cámara lúcida , Paidós, Barcelona 1989) a picture, table prête or La table servie , which is said to come from Niépce and which is fresh the set table. Further research confirmed Niépce's authorship, but identified the image as a physautotype (a photographic process based on lavender oil that Niépce developed with Daguerre) from 1832.
See also
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Archived copy ( memento of the original from December 27, 2009 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. The First Photograph , Harry Ransom Center, University of Texas. Last accessed on January 14, 2012
- ↑ Laura Hutchins: Preservation of Friction Ridges - History of Photography (PDF; 1.4 MB), chap. 8, page 4. Last accessed on August 5, 2013
- ↑ The Big Bang of Photography FAZ.net, September 6, 2012, accessed on September 8, 2012
- ^ Andreas Langen: A complete museum of photo history , in: Stuttgarter Zeitung v. September 8, 2012, p. 31.
- ^ Maison Nicéphore Niépce: Reconstruction of La table servie
Coordinates: 46 ° 43 ′ 37 ″ N , 4 ° 51 ′ 26 ″ E