Boris Lazarevich Kljusner
Boris Lasarewitsch Kljusner ( Russian Борис Лазаревич Клюзнер ., Scientific transliteration Boris Lazarevič Kljuzner , spelling also Kliuzner , Klyuzner , Kljuzner , Kluesner or Klusner ; born May 19 . Jul / 1. June 1909 greg. In Astrakhan , † 21st May 1975 in Komarovo ) was a Russian composer .
Life
Kljusner studied from 1937 to 1941 with Mikhail Gnessin at the Leningrad Conservatory , where he dealt with, among other things, Jewish music culture. After graduating, he served in the Red Army at the front from 1941 to 1945 and so ended up in Vienna at the end of the war . Thanks to the intercession of Dunayevsky , Shostakovich and Gnessin , he was allowed to leave the army and return to Leningrad, where he was elected to the board of the local composers' association. In 1948 he refused to take part in the prescribed campaign against his colleagues around Shostakovich , who had been denounced as formalists . This conflict with the official line accompanied him for years, in 1952 he was threatened with imprisonment. In 1961 he resigned from the composers' association, an unusual occurrence even during the thawing period under Khrushchev . He later moved to Moscow . He remained a contentious spirit. In spite of all this, his work also contains dedications to Lenin - like his fourth, last symphony, which at the same time contains accusatory elements. Music historians consider him one of the forgotten and “marginalized” in the Soviet era. He died in his retreat, the beach village of Komarowo , northwest of what is now Saint Petersburg .
Kljusner left symphonies, concerts, chamber music, sonatas and film music. Stylistically, he stood between the late Romanticism in Mahler's tradition and an expressive, dissonant modern. In his symphonies he tried out free twelve-tone techniques , clusters and instrumentation unusual for the genre, such as drums, organ and electric guitar. Performances of his works are extremely rare. The dedication work In Memoriam Boris Kliuzner (1977) by Alexander Wustin, based on the words of the poet Juri Olescha, who was banned during the Stalin era, deals with the death of Kljusner .
literature
- Genrikh Orlov: Klyuzner, Boris Lazaryevich. In: Grove Music Online (English; subscription required).
- Jascha Nemtsov: Kljuzner, Boris Lazarevič. In: MGG Online (subscription required).
- Boris Yoffe : In the flow of the symphonic . Wolke, Hofheim 2014, ISBN 978-3-95593-059-2 .
- Boris Klyuzner . In: Don Michael Randel (Ed.): The Harvard biographical dictionary of music . Harvard University Press, Cambridge 1996, pp. 453 .
- Entry in Historia de la sinfonia by Francesc Serracanta, Barcelona 2017
- Lev Raaben: Sowjetskij instrumentalnij concert . In: Musika . Leningrad 1967, p. 154 f .
Web links
- Website about Kljusner with CV , catalog raisonné , texts and photos (Russian)
- Entry at dic.academic.ru (Russian)
- Selection of works on classical-music-online
Remarks
- ↑ For the date of death there are occasional deviating information in non-Russian sources.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Entry at biografija.ru (Russian)
- ↑ Document (Russian)
- ↑ Kljusner's biography by Elena Tschegurowa
- ↑ Boris Yoffe : In the flow of the symphonic . Wolke, Hofheim 2014, ISBN 978-3-95593-059-2 , pp. 234 f .
- ^ Concert in Karlsruhe 2000
- ^ Valeria Tsenova: The Battlefield is the Soul . In: Valeria Tsenova (Ed.): Underground Music from the Former USSR . Harwood Academic Publishers, Amsterdam 1997, ISBN 3-7186-5821-6 , pp. 210 f .
- ↑ Information on Wustin's work in Sikorski
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Kljusner, Boris Lazarevich |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Клюзнер, Борис Лазаревич (Russian) |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Russian composer |
| DATE OF BIRTH | June 1, 1909 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Astrakhan |
| DATE OF DEATH | May 21, 1975 |
| Place of death | Komarovo |