Botding

The Botding , Bodthing or Botting (catered meal) was a periodic court or Thing in medieval Friesland and in Holland and Northwestern Germany. Botding and Fimelthing (aftermath) are mentioned in the West Frisian Schulzenrecht of the 12th century.

Jurisdiction

The botding was held every fourth year and was chaired by the count or his representative. Things that were not negotiated here were dealt with later in the so-called fimelthing. Those who had taken part in both did not have to follow the king's banishment within a year. The Fimelthing was so widely known only in West Friesland , the evidence for Botdinge comes from a wider district from the Lower Rhine via Westphalia and Stade to Brandenburg and Saxony .

In north-west Germany , the botding or bidding thing stood in opposition to the usual (not bid) count's court or goding . The botding, which was considered to be the highest court ( iudicium supremum ), was called up when necessary and required the summons of the fellows.

Initial receipts

"A hearing commonly called bodthing " is mentioned in the registers of the County of Holland at the beginning of the 12th century . Other spellings were budinc , buding , būding , bûdingun , buttink or bottinge . Additional Frisian forms were baduthing or bedthing . The term was also used for a specific tax that residents had to pay to reimburse the count's travel and stay expenses during the botding. In the glory of Drenthe , which belonged to the diocese of Utrecht , the term batting was used for this .

Bede

According to a research tradition, which was mainly advocated by Georges Dumézil and Rudolf Simek , botding and fimelthing are related to the two goddesses Beda and Fimmilena , who are mentioned on an English votive stone from the 3rd century, donated by mercenaries of the Civitas Tuihanti . The names of the gods are said to indicate a Germanic system of fixed legal assemblies ( Thincsus ), with special sessions ( Beda ) and informal sessions ( Fimmilena ), which could be found in the later Frisian legal forms. The time lag between the Roman era and the late medieval sources is considerable.

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Fimmelding . In: Prussian Academy of Sciences (Hrsg.): German legal dictionary . tape 3 , issue 4 (edited by Eberhard von Künßberg ). Hermann Böhlaus successor, Weimar, Sp. 537 ( adw.uni-heidelberg.de - publication date between 1935 and 1938).
2. ↑ Botding . In: Prussian Academy of Sciences (Hrsg.): German legal dictionary . tape 2 , issue 3 (edited by Eberhard von Künßberg ). Hermann Böhlaus successor, Weimar, Sp. 425 ( adw.uni-heidelberg.de - publication date 1932 or 1933).
3. ^ Oud-Nederlands Woordenboek, Art. Botthink
4. ^ Woordenboek der Nederlandsche Taal, Art. Botting

See also

• Thing
• Alaisiagae
• Bede

literature

• Foeke Buitenrust Hettema: Bijdragen tot het Oudfriesch woordenboek . Leiden 1888, pp. 33-39, Textarchiv - Internet Archive .
• Frode Iversen: Concilium and Pagus - Revisiting the Early Germanic Thing System of Northern Europe (PDF) In: "Journal of the North Atlantic", Special Volume 5, 2013, pp. 5-17.
• Walter Steller: The old West Frisian school law. A contribution to the doctrine of Old Norse verse construction . Breslau 1926 (= Germanistic Treatises, Volume 57).
• Westerlauwers law . In: Wybren Jan Buma, Wilhelm Ebel (Hrsg.): Text archive of the German legal dictionary. Göttingen 1977, Volume 1, pp. 84-85.