Eberhard von Künßberg

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Eberhard Georg Otto Freiherr von Künßberg (born February 28, 1881 in Porohy ( Galicia ), † May 3, 1941 Heidelberg ) was a German lawyer of Austrian origin. He made a name for himself primarily as a legal historian . First as an employee, then as an editor, he played a key role in the German legal dictionary , the "Dictionary of the Older German Legal Language". In addition, he founded and named legal folklore as a new discipline. He also made a name for himself in the field of legal iconography .

origin

Eberhard von Künßberg came from the Thurnau line of the Upper Franconian noble family Künsberg , which had already been raised to the imperial baron status in 1690 in the Thurnau-Ermreuth line in Vienna . He was a grandson of the lawyer Uso von Künßberg (1810–1875). His father Ulrich von Künßberg (1847–1923) ended up as a forester in Porohy in the Forest Carpathians , where he married Julie Thekla (1855–1885), daughter of the landowner Stanislaus Mrozowski. Eberhard von Künßberg was only distantly related to his namesake Eberhard von Künsberg , the commander of the Künsberg special command .

Live and act

Eberhard von Künßberg was raised Protestant . He attended schools in Graz and studied law in Vienna from 1899 to 1904 . His dissertation “The Forest in German Mining Law” (1904) received the first prize from the Samitsch Foundation. After taking the legal state exams in Austria, he was drawn to Munich with an Austrian scholarship for two semesters , where he met the founder of legal archeology , Karl von Amira , who made a lasting impression on him and became his role model.

Richard Schröder became aware of him as early as 1904, while still in Vienna, who was in charge of the project of a dictionary of the older German legal language , which was launched in Heidelberg in 1896 . In 1905, Schröder was able to win Künßberg as a scientific assistant for the dictionary. At the same time, Künßberg applied to the Heidelberg University Library to supplement his low income.

In 1910, Künßberg completed his habilitation with a study of the eight in the older German legal language for legal history . Since he saw himself as a pure legal historian and did not want to give lectures on applicable law, an appointment to a regular professorship was excluded. Although Künßberg received an appointment to Neuchâtel in the same year , he instead concentrated on working on the German legal dictionary. In recognition of his decision, he was awarded the Prussian Red Eagle Order. In addition, he received the citizenship of Baden.

Because of a heart defect, Künßberg was unfit for military service. During the First World War he was involved in voluntary nursing . In 1915 he founded the first German one-armed school in Ettlingen , which he ran until December 1918, and wrote a booklet for one-armed people that was published several times.

After the prescribed time as a private lecturer , Künßberg was appointed adjunct professor in Heidelberg in 1916. After Schröder's death in 1917 he took over the management of the German legal dictionary himself. Künßberg determined the keywords, the sources and the scope of the articles and wrote many himself. In addition to his legal dictionary work, he gave lectures and exercises for lawyers and philologists on legal history topics, legal folklore and legal language history. In 1924 he was accepted into the Heidelberg Academy of Sciences ; In 1928 he became professor at the Prussian Academy of Sciences in Berlin, the holder of the legal dictionary.

Künßberg retained his special position in the Heidelberg faculty and his editor of the legal dictionary even after the National Socialist seizure of power , although his wife Katharina (1883–1977), née Samson, was of Jewish descent. The Heidelberg faculty pointed out to the Reich Ministry of Education that Künßberg would only direct the internationally renowned dictionary. He also campaigned for National Socialist ideas before the seizure of power , but became more cautious after the Jewish legislation .

Künßberg died unexpectedly as a result of a serious stomach operation. By this time, three of the planned eight volumes of the legal dictionary had appeared and a fourth had been ready for publication. The Künßbergs had made sure that their five children left Germany in good time. Her son Ekkehard von Künßberg (1913-2000) continued his medical studies in Edinburgh and became a well-known doctor in Scotland . Katharina von Künßberg, on the other hand, was supposed to be deported in early 1942 , which the dean of the Heidelberg law faculty, Eugen Ulmer, was just able to prevent. Later she was hidden by her housekeeper, among other things, and survived National Socialism.

In memory of her husband, Katharina von Künßberg established the “Eberhard Freiherr von Künßberg Foundation” in 1961, which awards an annual prize.

The Künßberg library has essentially been incorporated into the legal history library of the Institute for Legal History at the Westphalian Wilhelms University of Münster .

Fonts

  • Eberhard von Künßberg: The forest in German mining law. [Sl] 1904.
  • Eberhard von Künßberg: About the punishment of carrying stones. Marcus, Breslau 1907.
  • Eberhard von Künßberg: Eight. A study on the older German legal language. Böhlau, Weimar 1910.
  • Eberhard von Künßberg: one-arm fibula. A text, reading and picture book for one-poor people. Braun, Karlsruhe 1915.
  • Eberhard von Künßberg: ferry law and ferry exemption. Wisdom Studies. Hof-Buchdruckerei und Verlagbuchhandlung, Weimar 1925.
  • Eberhard von Künßberg: Legal language geography. Winter, Heidelberg 1926.
  • Eberhard von Künßberg: The vocabulary of the Austrian general civil code. Winter, Heidelberg 1930.
  • Eberhard von Künßberg: The German legal language. Leipzig [u. a.] 1930.
  • Eberhard von Künßberg: legal verses. Heidelberg 1933.
  • Eberhard von Künßberg: Law and social order in the German Volkstum. Brockhaus, Leipzig 1935.
  • Eberhard von Künßberg: field names and legal history. Böhlau, Weimar 1936.
  • Eberhard von Künßberg: Reading pieces on legal folklore. Niemeyer, Halle / Saale 1936.
  • Eberhard von Künßberg: Legal folklore. Niemeyer, Halle / Saale 1936.
  • Eberhard von Künssberg: Knife breaks . Studies in legal history and folklore. Winter, Heidelberg 1941.
  • Eberhard von Künßberg: oath gestures and oath finger interpretation. Herder, Freiburg im Breisgau 1941.
  • Eberhard von Künßberg and Hans Fehr: Legal usage and children's game. Studies on German legal history and folklore. Winter, Heidelberg 1920.
  • Eberhard von Künßberg and H. Wassen: Primer for one-armed and no-handed people. An illustrated textbook and reader. 5th edition. Braun, Karlsruhe i. B. 1946.
  • Karl Saueracker and Eberhard Otto Georg von Künßberg: Vocabulary of the embarrassing court order of Charles V (Carolina dictionary). Winter, Heidelberg 1929.
  • Richard Schröder and Eberhard Otto Georg von Künßberg: Textbook of German legal history. 6th edition. Veit, Leipzig 1919.
  • Richard Schröder and Eberhard Otto Georg von Künßberg: German legal dictionary. (Dictionary of the older German legal language). Böhlau, Weimar 1914 / 32-.

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Klaus-Peter Schroeder : A university for lawyers and by lawyers: The Heidelberg Law Faculty in the 19th and 20th centuries . Tübingen 2010, pp. 393-399.

Web links

Wikisource: Eberhard von Künßberg  - sources and full texts
personal data
SURNAME Künßberg, Eberhard von
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Künssberg, Eberhard Freiherr von
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German legal scholar and legal historian
DATE OF BIRTH February 28, 1881
PLACE OF BIRTH Porohy ( Galicia )
DATE OF DEATH May 3, 1941
Place of death Heidelberg