Brownish lichen owl

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Brownish lichen owl
Brownish lichen owl (Bryophila ravula)

Brownish lichen owl ( Bryophila ravula )

Systematics
Class : Insects (Insecta)
Order : Butterflies (Lepidoptera)
Family : Owl butterfly (Noctuidae)
Subfamily : Bryophilinae
Genre : Bryophila
Type : Brownish lichen owl
Scientific name
Bryophila ravula
( Huebner , 1813)

The brownish lichen owl ( Bryophila ravula ) is a butterfly ( moth ) from the family of the owl butterflies (Noctuidae).

features

butterfly

The wingspan of the butterfly in the nominate form Bryophila ravula ravula is 24 to 30 millimeters. Their forewings are narrow, show a dark gray to reddish brown basic color and show a dark brown to black transverse line right behind the mostly indistinct kidney flaws. The kidney flaw itself is often located in a brown band, which stands out from a slightly lighter one near the base of the wing. The particularly narrow-winged ssp. Bryophila ravula grisescens , the basic color is mostly gray. Their wingspan is 23 to 26 millimeters. The ssp. Bryophila ravula ereptriculoides , on the other hand, has broader wings and a wingspan of 23 to 28 millimeters. It also sometimes shows lightening in the area of ​​the basal region and at the apex . The unmarked hind wings of all forms are gray-brown in color.

Caterpillar

Younger caterpillars are gray-blue in color and have orange stripes that dissolve into spots in older animals. They also show large, black point warts.

Similar species

Since the lichen owl species are often very similar, a reliable assignment in many cases is only possible through a genital morphological examination .

Geographical distribution and occurrence

The brownish lichen owl is distributed from North Africa via the Iberian Peninsula , France and Switzerland to Germany. Preferred habitat are warm rocky slopes and wine-growing areas.

Way of life

The moths are nocturnal, fly from June to August and live very inconspicuously. During the day they like to sit on rocks or walls overgrown with lichen and visit artificial light sources at night . The caterpillars live from September, overwinter and pupate in May of the following year. They feed on different types of lichens, especially the genus Caloplaca . During the day they usually rest in a self-made cave, which is often built in cracks in the wall.

Danger

In Germany, the brown lichen owl occurs only in a few southern and western federal states and is classified in category 3 (endangered) on the red list of endangered species .

Subspecies

  • Bryophila ravula ravula ( Huebner , 1813)
  • Bryophila ravula grisescens ( Oberthür , 1918)
  • Bryophila ravula ereptriculoides ( Boursin , 1952)

swell

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c Michael Fibiger, Lázló Ronkay, Axel Steiner, Alberto Zilli: Pantheinae, Dilobinae, Acronictinae, Eustrotiinae, Nolinae, Bagisarinae, Acontiinae, Metoponiinae, Heliothinae and Bryophilinae . In: Michael Fibiger, Lázló Ronkay, Barry Goater, Mariann Fibiger (eds.): Noctuidae Europaeae . tape 11 . Entomological Press, Sorø, Denmark 2009, ISBN 978-87-89430-14-0 (English).
  2. ↑ a b Günter Ebert (Ed.): The butterflies of Baden-Württemberg . 1st edition. tape 6 . Moth IV. Noctuidae 2nd part. Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 1997, ISBN 3-8001-3482-9 .
  3. ↑ Federal Agency for Nature Conservation (Ed.): Red List of Endangered Animals in Germany . Landwirtschaftsverlag, Münster 1998, ISBN 3-89624-110-9 .

literature

  • Michael Fibiger, Lázló Ronkay, Axel Steiner, Alberto Zilli: Pantheinae, Dilobinae, Acronictinae, Eustrotiinae, Nolinae, Bagisarinae, Acontiinae, Metoponiinae, Heliothinae and Bryophilinae . In: Michael Fibiger, Lázló Ronkay, Barry Goater, Mariann Fibiger (eds.): Noctuidae Europaeae . tape 11 . Entomological Press, Sorø, Denmark 2009, ISBN 978-87-89430-14-0 (English).
  • Günter Ebert (Ed.): The butterflies of Baden-Württemberg . 1st edition. tape 6 . Moth IV. Noctuidae 2nd part. Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 1997, ISBN 3-8001-3482-9 .

Web links

Commons : Brownish Lichen Owl  - Collection of images, videos and audio files