Brněnská přehrada
| Brněnská přehrada | |||||||
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| Coordinates | 49 ° 13 '57 " N , 16 ° 31' 8" E | ||||||
| Data on the structure | |||||||
| Lock type: | Gravity dam | ||||||
| Construction time: | 1936-1940 | ||||||
| Height of the barrier structure : | 23.5 m | ||||||
| Height of the structure crown: | 233.72 m. u. M. | ||||||
| Crown length: | 120 m | ||||||
| Crown width: | 7.14 m | ||||||
| Power plant output: | 3.1 MW | ||||||
| Data on the reservoir | |||||||
| Water surface | 259 ha | ||||||
| Reservoir length | 10 km | ||||||
| Storage space | 7,600,000 m³ | ||||||
| Particularities: |
Shipping operations |
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The Brněnská přehrada ( Hantec : Prýgl , German: Brünner Talsperre ) is a dam and reservoir in the Czech Republic . It is located eight kilometers northwest of the city center of Brno and dams the Svratka .
geography
The dam is located in the north-western outskirts of Brno between the districts of Bystrc and Kníničky. The reservoir stretches for almost 10 kilometers to the northwest to the confluence of the Bílý potok in Veverská Bítýška . There is shipping traffic between the mouth of the Kuřimka near Hana and Bystrc. At the confluence of the Veverka with the reservoir, the Veveří Castle is enthroned on the right bank .
history
The first plans to build a dam emerged at the beginning of the 20th century. Construction began in 1936. A concrete gravity dam was built in the bend in the river, 700 m south of Klein Kinitz / Kníničky. The place Klein Kinitz was abandoned and rebuilt one kilometer east above the valley. Since the Schwarzau flowed through an uninhabited valley above Klein Kinitz to Eichhorn Bittischka , no further resettlements were necessary. A Kaplan turbine with an output of 3.1 MW was installed in the dam . The regular output of the hydropower plant is 2.88 MW. At the end of the Second World War, the Wehrmacht mined the roads along the reservoir and placed an explosive charge made of TNT at the outlet of the dam . This was removed a little later because of the dangers for the city of Brno and relocated to Šikula. During the Bratislava-Brno operation , the Red Army captured this hydraulic structure without major incidents.
In emergencies, the hydropower plant can also be used to start up the gas turbines in the Brno thermal power plant Červený mlýn.
Passenger shipping
Today the reservoir is mainly used for recreational purposes.
Shipping began in 1946 with two electric ships , the Morava and Brno, bought from Jean Stauf in Königswinter during the war in Germany . A small Svratka motorboat was used for sporadic trips until 1955. The public success was very great, so that soon more ships were built in-house: The Veveří (1947), Údernik (1949), Pionýr (1950), Mír (1952), Praha (1953), Moskva (1955), Bratislava (1956) ), Kyjev (1961) followed. Due to their good reputation, five more ships from the small Brno shipyard were sold elsewhere.
At the moment (2015) modern electric ships with accumulators are in use with Lipsko, Utrecht, Vídeň, Dallas, Stuttgart , but they no longer come from the Jesko CZ (Jaroslav Jiráň) shipyard in Hlavečník near Pardubitz . These ships, built after 2010, bear the names of five of Brno's twelve twin cities . The ship's accumulators are charged from the grid at night and additionally fed by photovoltaics on the roof of the driver's cab during the day .
The ship Brno, which has been rebuilt and renamed several times, is self-built by the Brno shipyard, baptized in 1949 with the “socialist” name Úderník (German: “ shock worker ” or “hero of work” ), decommissioned in 1967, restored in 1987 and 2005 and back in regular service since 2006 . The first Brno from 1946 was scrapped in 1982 and so after the first renovation in 1989, during the socialist era, the Úderník became a native Brno instead of the “hero of work” . The Brno is powered by a 15 kW tram electric motor, has a speed of around 10 km / h and is supplied with energy by lead accumulators.
literature
- Miloslav Šlezingr: Brněnská přehrada a lidé kolem ní. [Monograph], VUT - Strojní fakulta , Brno 1998, ISBN 80-214-1127-9 (Czech).
- Libor Vykoupil; Rostislav Košťál; Miloslav Blažek; Dopravní podnik města Brna (ed.): Lodní doprava v Brně 1946-1996 , [On the 50th anniversary of Brno shipping], SNIP, Brno 1996, ISBN 80-85765-59-4 (text in Czech, German and English summary).
- Petr Fiala, Rober Mara; Dopravní podnik města Brna (ed.): Lodní doprava na Brněnské přehradě 1946 - 2006 . Malkus, Praha 2006, ISBN 80-903012-9-0 (text in Czech, German and English abstract).
Web links
- Brno hydraulic structure
- Brněnská přehrada Czech website