Brazilian mill leaf
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Brazilian milfoil from above |
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| Myriophyllum aquaticum | ||||||||||||
| ( Vell. ) Verdc. |
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The Brazilian milfoil ( Myriophyllum aquaticum , syn .: Myriophyllum brasiliense ), also called parrot feather , is a species of the thousand-leaf genus ( Myriophyllum ) in the thousand-leaf family (Haloragaceae).
features
The Brazilian milfoil is an evergreen, persistent hydrophyte . It reaches growth lengths of up to 2 meters. The flowers are not located in separate inflorescences , but in the axilla of normal leaves . The plant has either female or male flowers, there are no hermaphrodites. The surface of the fruit is finely bumpy.
It is a stem plant also called "parrot feather" with whorls of 3 to 4.5 cm long pinnate leaves that are emerald green (emersed blue-green) in male plants and orange in female plants.
Flowering time is from July to September.
Occurrence
The natural range of the Brazilian milfoil is central South America . Here it occurs in lakes and rivers with low flow speeds. In southwest France , Great Britain , Australia , New Zealand and Southeast Asia , the species has become feral due to the introduction of female plants. In the United Kingdom, the sale of the plant was therefore banned with effect from April 2014. There are also some overgrown stocks in Germany, including in Bavaria and especially in North Rhine-Westphalia .
The Brazilian milfoil was added to the “List of Unwanted Species” for the European Union in 2016. The same applies to Switzerland, where it was included in the black list of invasive neophytes due to its spreading potential and damage in the areas of biodiversity , health and economy .
use
The Brazilian milfoil is often used as an aquarium plant and rarely as an ornamental plant for garden ponds. It has been in culture since 1869 at the latest. In Germany there used to be only female plants in culture; only males have existed since 1989.
literature
- Eckehart J. Jäger, Friedrich Ebel, Peter Hanelt, Gerd K. Müller (eds.): Rothmaler excursion flora from Germany. Volume 5: Herbaceous ornamental and useful plants. Spectrum Academic Publishing House, Berlin / Heidelberg 2008, ISBN 978-3-8274-0918-8 .
Web links
- Brazilian mill leaf. In: FloraWeb.de.
- Profile and distribution map for Bavaria . In: Botanical Information Hub of Bavaria .
- Myriophyllum aquaticum (Vell.) Verdc. In: Info Flora , the national data and information center for Swiss flora . Retrieved December 30, 2015.
- Distribution in the Netherlands verspreidingsatlas.nl (Dutch)
- Thomas Meyer: Data sheet with identification key and photos at Flora-de: Flora von Deutschland (old name of the website: Flowers in Swabia )
Individual evidence
- ^ Hans-Georg Kramer: Plant aquaristics á la Kramer. Tetra-Verlag, Berlin-Velten 2009, ISBN 978-3-89745-190-2 , pp. 190 f.
- ^ Mark Kinver: UK bans sale of five invasive non-native aquatic plants. In: BBC News. January 29, 2013, accessed January 29, 2013 .
- ↑ LANUV NRW: State Office for Nature, Environment and Consumer Protection NRW - Neobiota. September 8, 2014, accessed September 8, 2014 .
- ↑ List of Invasive Alien Species of Union Concern (PDF) accessed on July 15, 2016.
- ^ Federal Office for the Environment FOEN: Invasive Alien Species . ( admin.ch [accessed on August 6, 2019]).
- ↑ S. Buholzer, M. Nobis, N. Schoenenberger, S. Rometsch: List of the alien invasive plants of Switzerland . Ed .: Infoflora. ( infoflora.ch [accessed on August 6, 2019]).
- ↑ Christel Kasselmann : aquarium plants. Ulmer Verlag, Stuttgart 1995; 2nd, revised and expanded edition 1999, ISBN 3-8001-7454-5 , p. 361.