Brunswick (dialect)

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Of Brunswick as high German dialect is to be distinguished from Brunswieker Platt ( Braunschweiger Platt ) corresponding to the Low German is assigned (Low German). In the course of the increasing use of High German, which largely replaced the Low German language and its dialects, today's dialects of High German emerged. Characteristic for the development of Braunschweig is the tension between the Lower Saxon dialects and the Magdeburg region, which has been increasingly influenced by East Central German in recent decades, which gave rise to a broad dialect, essentially limited to the Braunschweig region, which is linguistically classified as Eastern Ostfälisch . Anyone who speaks Brunswick as a dialect is Brunswick .

Linguistic peculiarities

The "clear A"

This dialect derives its special character from the "Braunschweiger A" , also jokingly called "clear A" , which is of course anything but "clear" (in the sense of clear); rather, it is a vowel that oscillates somewhere between a, ä and o, ö when pronounced . In particular, the diphthongs "ei" and "au" (both of which also occur in the name Braunschweig) are replaced by this long A.

As an explanation - from the realm of anecdotes, by no means scientifically - for this special note within the Ostfälisch is the assumption that the Stadtbraunschweiger from the inhabitants of the further region who spoke the "normal" Ostfälisch (with a rather darkly spoken "A “), Wanted to take off. One wanted to simply “faainer saain” with a “klöäaren ​​Sspröäache”.

Examples:

"I'm with a Banöäanwöäaren ​​across the Fasöäansströmäaße jeföäahrn."
("I drove the banana cart on Fasanenstrasse")
"Where are you coming from?" - "Aoos Broonschwaaich!"
("Where are you from?" - "From Braunschweig!")
"Baaide Baaine in aain 'Aaimer and kaaine Saaife, aau waai."
("Both legs in a bucket and no soap, ouch.")

The "sharp S"

In addition to the “clear A” , real Braunschweig residents can also be recognized by other pronunciation features. There you can hear the "pointed S" with certain words or phrases : "A student-tudentens-tulpens-tiefel s-stumbles over'n s-pointed S-taain." , "Frühs-tück" or "Schorns-taain" are just a few examples. The pointed S is a parallel characteristic of the East Westphalian dialect of the Low German language, which has continued in the High German Braunschweig dialect.

Sound shift

The Brunswick language has the shifting of diphthongs as an essential feature : ei becomes aa or aai , au and eu become oo or ou . Result: Braunschweig becomes Broonschwaaich or Brounschwaaich . This feature can also be found in Hanover, but here there are no more traces of an i in the ei that becomes aa (aane aanzichachtije Sstadt) .

Typical

In addition to these phonetic peculiarities, there are of course a multitude of other words, idioms, sayings and folk wisdom that make Braunschweig an independent dialect.

So one speaks z. B. from “Tüsch” , “Füsch” and from “Köache” or “Köaschen” - of course we mean table, fish, church and cherries. The Braunschweig native also speaks of “Gorke”, “korz”, “Korve”, “Borg”, “Worst” , which actually means cucumber, in short, curve, castle and sausage. But there are also “Kachten” (cards) and “Sochen” (types) in Braunschweig. So is a Martha then of course "Machta" . In addition there are the numbers “ölf” (eleven) and “vöazehn” (fourteen). A typical phrase when saying goodbye among friends and acquaintances is “see you” (note with “e” !) Or “spill” , which means “lost”. The adjective “peekig” (pronounced “peekich”) or the associated noun “peek” is also popular. Both describe the fact that someone from Braunschweig is repelled by something or someone who looks extremely greasy, filthy and generally extremely disgusting.

In addition, one means here with “Datt is mich aans” that the speaker doesn’t care and, when the Braunschweiger goes into his (Schreber) garden, he goes “Aof den Gachten” . And when he says “I chased myself away!” (Pronounced “vajaacht” ), then he wasn't shooing himself away, but rather scared.

Typical Brunswick words (overlaps with Hannöverschen or Magdeburg are possible) are also "Bollchen" or "Bolschen" (candy), "detsch" (stupid, especially for people), "Dölmer" or "Dödel" (clumsy, idiot), "(Tinkering with something) prokeln" (fiddling, tinkering - but with a rather uncertain outcome), "(don't do that) Prijammel" (now don't get upset [again so senseless]), " Glissecke ” or “ Glissepies ” (self-made ice rink for sledding ), “ Bregen ” (brain), “ Piesepampel ” (unpleasant or pathetic contemporary / buffoon ), “ Beet ” ( parking ticket ). A word that has appeared more frequently in the recent past is Klinterklater , the name given to the Braunschweiger born today .

In terms of grammar, the personal pronoun "him / him" should also be emphasized as a special feature. Especially the older speakers of the Brunswick dialect and those living in the country say “ne” : “And I didn’t do that extra” (“And I told him about it”). "Because I have ne aba aaine jeschallat" ("Then I glued one for him"). This "ne" is based on the Westphalian personal pronoun "öne" for "him / him": "Because heww ik öne ane jeschallat."

Sparse remnants of the old Broonschwaajer Mundacht have survived and are mainly spoken of by the older Brunswickers and in the rural surroundings of the city; typical vocabulary as given above are also used in younger generations.

literature

  • Herbert Blume : What Braunschweig Low German is - and what it isn't. In: Braunschweigischer Landesverein für Heimatschutz eV (Hrsg.): Braunschweigische Heimat. 101st volume, edition 2/2015, Braunschweig 2015, ISSN  2198-0225 , pp. 17–24.
  • Werner Flechsig : Ostfälische proverbs. Popular wisdom and popular humor from five centuries compiled from printed and unprinted sources , EA Braunschweig 1974
  • Eckhard Schimpf : Klinterklater I - Typically Brunswick . 750 idioms, expressions and little stories, Braunschweiger Zeitungsverlag, 1993
  • Eckhard Schimpf : Klinterklater II - Typically Brunswick . 850 phrases, expressions and little stories, Braunschweiger Zeitungsverlag, 1995
  • Fritz Timme (Ed.): Research on Braunschweigische history and linguistics. Ceremony by the city of Braunschweig for the meeting of the Hanseatic History Association and the Association for Low German Language Research . In: Sources and research on Braunschweigische Geschichte, Vol. 15, Braunschweig 1954

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