Buccal tablet

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A buccal tablet (from Latin bucca : cheek) is a tablet-like drug form that remains in the oral cavity to release the drug . In principle, buccal tablets are produced for two different purposes, depending on whether the intended effect is limited to the oral cavity or - through absorption into the bloodstream - systemic. As so-called mucoadhesive buccal tablets to achieve a high effective level of an antimycotic (e.g. miconazole ) in the oral cavity itself, they are used to treat a local infection ( thrush ) with yeasts of the Candida genus . This type of administration is used, among other things, in comatose patients who are no longer able to rinse their mouth with antimycotics and who can still produce enough saliva to dissolve the buccal tablet.

Buccal tablets are also used for medicinal substances that cannot be absorbed through the intestine, but which, similar to sublingual medicinal forms, are absorbed by the oral mucosa and thus enter the bloodstream. This alternative of the buccal tablet to the otherwise necessary injections is used for special painkillers ( fentanyl ) only for breakthrough pain in tumor patients. Buccal tablets also exist for other drugs such as testosterone , salbutamol or tizanidine .

The American Medicines Agency (FDA) issued a safety warning in 2008 for the use of fentanyl with buccal tablets. Fentanyl-containing buccal tablets led to severe respiratory depression and death if the indication was incorrect (use only for breakthrough pain in opioid- resistant patients).

It can take seconds to a few minutes for a buccal tablet to dissolve (e.g. fentanyl tablets for breakthrough pain) or several hours (7–13 hours), for example for antifungal drugs.

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  1. ↑ SM Weinstein, J. Messina, F. Xie: Fentanyl buccal tablet for the treatment of breakthrough pain in opioid-tolerant patients with chronic cancer pain: A long-term, open-label safety study. In: Cancer . 115 (11), 2009, pp. 2571-2579. PMID 19373888 .
  2. ^ NE Slatkin, F. Xie, J. Messina, TJ Segal: Fentanyl buccal tablet for relief of breakthrough pain in opioid-tolerant patients with cancer-related chronic pain. In: J Support Oncol. 5 (7), Jul-Aug 2007, pp. 327-334. PMID 17708123 .
  3. ↑ RS Patel, SS Poddar: Development and characterization of mucoadhesive buccal patches of salbutamol sulphate. In: Curr Drug Deliv . 6 (1), 2009, pp. 140-144. PMID 19418966 .
  4. ↑ G. Shanker, CK Kumar, CS Gonugunta, BV Kumar, PR Veerareddy: Formulation and evaluation of bioadhesive buccal drug delivery of tizanidine hydrochloride tablets. In: AAPS PharmSciTech . 10 (2), 2009, pp. 530-539. PMID 19424804 .
  5. ↑ US Food, Drug Administration: Safety alert for fentanyl buccal tablets. In: J Pain Palliat Care Pharmacother. 22 (1), 2008, p. 47. PMID 19062355 .