Budu Mdiwani

The Georgians Budu Mdivani ( Russian Буду (Поликарп) Гургенович Мдивани , Budu (Polikarp) Gurgenowitsch Mdivani; Georgian პოლიკარპე [ბუდუ] მდივანი * about 1877 in Honi , Governorate Kutaisi ; † 10. June 1937 in Tbilisi , GSSR ) was a Soviet party functionary and statesman. During the Georgian Affair he made a name for himself as an opponent of Stalin from 1922 .

Budu Mdiwani in the year of his death

Life

Budu, the son of Gurgen Georgijewitsch Mdiwani and his wife Olga Dawidowna née Schgenti, studied at Moscow University from 1895 , but was exmatriculated in 1899 after participating in student protests. Since 1903 a member of the RSDLP , Budu worked from then on as a revolutionary in his native Transcaucasia . In the Caucasus he took part in the October Revolution . In the civil war he sat from November 30, 1918 to February 13, 1919 in the Revolutionary War Council of the 11th Army (later the Red Army ) on the southern front, and was then head of the political department in the 10th Army until March 1920 Department, 1921 chairman of the Communist Party of Georgia , from February 19, 1921 to May 1921 ambassador of the RSFSR to Turkey , in the context of the Sovietization of Georgia until February 1922 chairman of the Revolutionary Committee there, from March to April 1922 Georgian Prime Minister and from March 12 President of the Transcaucasian Federal Socialist Soviet Republic until December 13, 1922 .

In 1922 he opposed Stalin in matters of further Sovietization of the Georgian nation and in 1923 he joined Trotsky's Left Opposition .

As a representative of the Soviet Ministry of Commerce, Budu Mdiwani was responsible for licensing in France from November 1923 . In 1928 he was recalled from France, removed from office, expelled from the Communist Party and exiled to Siberia for three years . In 1929 the exile was replaced by a prison sentence of the same length. At his request, Budu Mdiwani was rehabilitated in 1931 and appointed Minister of Light Industry of the GSSR .

In 1936 Budu Mdiwani was arrested as a Trotskyist saboteur and spy. On July 9, 1937, the Stalinist nationalist deviator was sentenced to death in a one-day trial at the Georgian Supreme Court and executed the next day.

family

The son Artschil Buduijewitsch Mdiwani (1911-1937) was a Soviet tennis player .

literature

• Leon Trotsky : My life . Attempt an autobiography. Translated from the Russian by Alexandra Ramm . 543 pages. Dietz Verlag, Berlin 1990 (Licensor: S. Fischer, Frankfurt am Main). ISBN 3-320-01574-5

Web links

• Entry in the Handbook of the History of the CPSU 1898 to 1991 (Russian, with a photo)
• Entry at hrono.ru/biograf (Russian)

Remarks

1. ^ After Trotsky, Lenin was on Budu Mdiwani's side against Stalin. Lenin's death intervened. In Chapter 39, Trotsky writes of Lenin's Illness (Trotsky, pp. 419-435) of his memoirs of “a note addressed by Lenin to the old revolutionary Mdivani and other opponents of Stalin's policy in Georgia. Lenin wrote to them: 'I follow your cause with all my heart. I am deeply indignant at Ordzhonikidse's rudeness and the indulgence of Stalin and Dzerzhinsky . I am preparing material and a speech for you. '"
2. ↑ On this Trotsky in his abovementioned memoirs in Chapter 41 The Death of Lenin and the Shift in Power (pp. 447-460): “After all, Budu Mdiwani, with whom Lenin expressed his solidarity against Stalin, is sitting in the prison of Chelyabinsk .” And as Trotsky is deported to Turkey at the beginning of 1929, he mentions his on-the- go reading in chapter 44 The Expulsion (pp. 497–505): “From the newspapers we learn of the new arrests of a few hundred men, including 150 from the so-called 'Trotskyist Center '. The following names are mentioned: ... Mdivani, the former sales representative of the USSR in Paris , ... All old party workers, leaders of the October revolution. "

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Russian Кутаисская губерния
2. ↑ Russian Грузинское дело (1922)
3. ↑ russ. 11-я армия (РККА)
4. ↑ Russian Южный фронт (Гражданская война)
5. ↑ Russian Советизация Грузии
6. ↑ Russian Революционные комитеты
7. ↑ Russian Национал-уклонизм
8. ↑ Russian Мдивани, Арчил Будуевич