Boo

Boo 布哈 河
Typical landscape in the Buhahe catchment area. Here the tributary Yangkang Qu in the Qilian Shan at 3865  m above sea level. M.
Data
location	Qinghai , PR China
Source height	>  4600  m  above sea level M.
Final sea	Qinghai Lake Coordinates: 36 ° 57 ′ 30 "  N , 99 ° 50 ′ 30"  E 36 ° 57 ′ 30 "  N , 99 ° 50 ′ 30"  E
Mouth height	3194  m  above sea level M.
Height difference	1406 m
Bottom slope	4.9 ‰
length	286 km
Catchment area	14,337 km²
Outflow hydrological on level station Buhahekou ( 37 ° 2 '  N , 99 ° 44'  O ) A Eo : 14,337 square kilometers Location: 15 km above the mouth	MNQ 1956/2007 MQ 1956/2007 Mq 1956/2007 MHQ 1956/2007	6 m³ / s 28.8 m³ / s 2 l / (s km²) 220 m³ / s
Right tributaries	Yangkang Qu, Xiarige Qu
Small towns	Xinyuanzhen ( 37 ° 18 '  N , 99 ° 2'  O )
Bird Iceland (Niaodao, 36 ° 59 '  N , 99 ° 54'  O ), the former island in Buhahe Delta at Qinghai Lake , is a 67,000 m 2 large breeding ground for hundreds of thousands of migratory birds . There are mainly bar-headed geese , Tibet headed gulls , black-headed gulls and cormorants . Nature reserve since 1975 and not an island for almost that long.

The Buhahe flows into the outflow-free Qinghai Lake , the largest salt lake in China. In this satellite image (north left) the Buhahe is in the lower left quarter. It flows diagonally, from the bottom left towards the center of the picture, through a delta protruding far into the lake.

View from Shatuo convent ( 37 ° 3 '  N , 99 ° 45'  O ) to the plane of Buhahe valley at the beginning of the delta.

The Buhahe is an inland river in the Qinghai Lake Basin, in the northwestern Tibetan highlands , in the Qinghai Province , in China.

description

The Buhahe ( Chinese  布哈 河 , Pinyin Bùhā Hé  - " Yak River") is a river on the south side of the Qilian Shan , an alpine mountain range on the northeastern edge of the Qinghai-Tibet plateau . From its source ( 38 ° 15 ′  N , 98 ° 47 ′  E ) at an altitude of more than 4600  m above sea level. M., in the Shule Nanshan mountain range, it flows all year round over a distance of 286 km, mostly through relatively flat fluvial plains to its confluence with the Qinghai Lake at an altitude of 3,194  m . M.

It has numerous tributaries, most of which also come from the Qilian Shan. The most important of these tributaries are Xiarige Qu ( 37 ° 27 '  N , 98 ° 41'  O ) and the Yangkang Qu ( 陽康曲  /  阳康曲 , Yángkāng Qū , 37 ° 39 '  N , 98 ° 36'  O ). The local climate at Buhahe is semi-arid . It is characterized by long, cold winters, a short frost-free period, strong winds and a high level of solar radiation. The annual mean temperature is −1.5 ° C with the lowest measured temperature of −40 ° C. In winter it is dry, rain usually falls between June and September. The mean annual precipitation varies between 330 and 412 mm with a potential evaporation of 1200 to 1300 mm. The four seasons are not clearly separated, but the period from June to September is the vegetation phase and October to May is the period of dormancy. The landscape at Buhahe is mainly a treeless, alpine grassland. There are also bushes in the river valley. The Buhahe has no dams and in its catchment area there is largely no disturbance from humans. There are wild animals such as Przewalski's gazelle , Tibetan gazelle , wolf , Tibetan fox and snow leopard .

The Buhahe catchment area of ​​14,337 km² makes up almost half of the entire Qinghai Lake catchment area. The river flows into Lake Qinghai in a delta. With an average input of 900 million cubic meters per year, it contributes more than 70% of the lake's water. In doing so, it transports an average of five hundred thousand tons of sediment to the lake every year, which extends the river delta by two kilometers per year and the depth of Lake Qinghai steadily decreases. The Bird Island ( 鳥島  /  鸟岛 , Niǎo Dǎo  - "Bird Island"), originally heaped up by the sediments of the Buhahe , became a peninsula due to further sediment deposits and the lowering of the sea level in the 1970s and is now part of the delta.

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b c d e f g} Jin, Zhangdong, et al. "Seasonal contributions of catchment weathering and eolian dust to river water chemistry, northeastern Tibetan Plateau: chemical and Sr isotopic constraints." Journal of Geophysical Research: Earth Surface 116.F4 (2011). ( online )
2. ↑ Wang, Jianhua, et al. "Evaluation of concordance between environment and economy in Qinghai Lake Watershed, Qinghai-Tibet Plateau." Journal of Geographical Sciences 21.5 (2011): 949-960. ( online )
3. ↑ ^{a b c d} Walker, KF, et al. "A fishery in a changing lake environment: The naked carpGymnocypris przewalskii (Kessler) (Cyprinidae: schizothoracinae) in Qinghai Hu, China." International Journal of Salt Lake Research 4.3 (1995): 169-222. ( online )
4. ↑ NAKAO, Kinshiro, Ryuichi TANOUE, and Muneo OKAYAMA. "Geomorphological history of the basin and the origin of Qinghai Lake, Qinghai Plateau, China." Journal of the Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University. Series 7, Geophysics 9.5 (1995): 509-523. ( PDF; 844 kB )
5. ↑ Li, Chunlin, et al. "Current status and conservation of the Endangered Przewalski's gazelle Procapra przewalskii, endemic to the Qinghai – Tibetan Plateau, China." Oryx 46.1 (2012): 145-153. ( online )
6. ↑ . Li, Z., Z. Jiang, and G. Beauchamp. "Vigilance in Przewalski's gazelle: effects of sex, predation risk and group size." Journal of Zoology 277.4 (2009): 302-308. ( PDF; 180 kB )
7. ↑ Li, Zhongqiu, Zhigang Jiang, and Guy Beauchamp. "Nonrandom mixing between groups of Przewalski's gazelle and Tibetan gazelle." Journal of Mammalogy 91.3 (2010): 674-680. ( online )
8. ↑ Colman, Steven M., et al. "Late Cenozoic climate changes in China's western interior: a review of research on Lake Qinghai and comparison with other records." Quaternary Science Reviews 26.17 (2007): 2281-2300. ( PDF; 1.5 MB )
9. ^ Ni Shao-Xiang, et al. "Landscape ecology of the region around Qinghai Lake, Qinghai Province of China based on romote sensing." Journal of Environmental Science 11.2 (1999): 211-215. ( PDF; 260 kB )