Bled Castle
| Bled Castle | ||
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 overall view |
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| Alternative name (s): | Veldes | |
| Creation time : | Before 1011 | |
| Castle type : | Hilltop castle | |
| Conservation status: | Receive | |
| Standing position : | Episcopal Castle | |
| Place: | Bled | |
| Geographical location | 46 ° 22 '11.4 " N , 14 ° 6' 2.2" E | |
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The Bled castle , originally castle Velde's called, is a medieval hilltop castle in the Slovenian town of Bled . It rises on a 139 meter high cliff above Lake Bled and is considered to be the oldest castle in Slovenia.
history
The first mention of the castle in the Mark Carniola as castellum Veldes vocatum dates back to May 22nd, 1011, when King Heinrich II donated the castle to Bishop Adalbero von Brixen . From then on the castle was owned by the diocese of Brixen for several centuries . Another even older Schenkungs certificate , also from the future emperor of the Diocese of Brixen, dates back to 1004, here it is: praedium quod dicitur Ueldes . It does not speak of a castle or fortification, but of the rule of Velde. At the beginning, Brixen ministerials sat at the castle, then carers and burgraves from the 13th century .
In the 13th century there were several changes of ownership of the lordship and castle of Veldes, in 1236 during the economic crisis Brixen had to hand over the lordship of Veldes to Emperor Friedrich II and the castle to the Carinthian Duke Bernhard von Spanheim , but the diocese kept the income of the lordship in front. Before the year 1241, the castle was owned by Count Meinhard III. occupied by Gorizia , he also gained the bailiwick of rule. Between 1241 and 1245 Gerloch von Hertenberg (Jeterbenk) and Wilhelm von Veldes took possession of the castle, Brixen only got it back after a compensation payment. After the death of the Brixen bishop Bruno von Kirchberg in 1288, the Carinthian Duke Meinhard II occupied Veldes Castle, Brixen was only able to acquire the castle again after his death in 1295.
Between 1370 and 1588, Velde's castle and rule were pledged to the von Kraig lords from Carinthia.
On March 26th, 1511, Veldes Castle was badly damaged by an earthquake, and large parts of the current structure come from the reconstruction after the disaster.
In 1838 the castle was sold to Viktor Ruardu, the owner of the Jesenice ironworks . As a result, the castle was sold several times until it passed into state ownership in 1937.
Building
The oldest part of the castle is the Romanesque tower. In 1511 and 1690 earthquakes shook the region, which also affected the castle. More towers were then built and the fortifications reinforced. Later additions date from the Renaissance period. The buildings are located around an inner courtyard and are connected by stairs. The chapel in the upper courtyard dates from the 16th century, but was restored in the 17th century and painted with frescoes. The castle has a drawbridge which spans the moat in front of it. In the upper part of the courtyard are the residential buildings, in the lower part the farm buildings.
The interior of the castle is now used as a museum and restaurant. Access by car is possible directly via the Grjaska cesta.
Castle on the rock
Lower court
Lower court
Lake with the castle
Bled Castle from the north
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literature
- Dušan Kos: In castle and town - late medieval nobility in Carniola and Lower Styria . R. Oldenbourg Verlag, Vienna 2006, ISBN 3-7029-0544-8 , pp. 169-170.
- Ivan Stopar: Castles and Chateaux in Slovenia . Publishing house Cankarjeva Založba, Ljubljana 1989, ISBN 86-361-0628-1 , pp. 241-244.
Web links
- Official website (German)
Individual evidence
- ↑ https://www.kroati.de/slowenien-infos/burg-bled.html
- ↑ Source up to this point: Dušan Kos: In Burg und Stadt - Late Medieval Nobility in Carniola and Lower Styria , p. 169 f.
- ↑ http://www.blejski-grad.si/de/museum
- ↑ https://www.jezersek.si/en/locations/bled-castle