Burids
The Burids were a Turkish dynasty who ruled Damascus as independent emirs for four generations during the 12th century .
The progenitor of the dynasty was Tughtigin , who was a released military slave ( mamlūk ) of the Seljuq prince of Syria Tutusch I († 1095). From this he was appointed tutor ( Atabeg ) of his son Duqaq († 1104), for whom he did government business in Damascus from 1095 . In 1104 Tughtigin expelled the Seljuq princes from Damascus and thus secured the de facto sole rule of his family.
The Burids were followers of Sunni Islam , but Tughtigin had protected the Shiite community of the Nizarites (known by Christians as " Assassins ") in Damascus , which his son Buri drove out after a pogrom in 1129. During the Second Crusade , the dynasty defended Damascus for Islam in 1148 .
Since 1128 the Burid rival the Zengid of Aleppo for supremacy in Syria. They lost this battle in 1154, when the Zengide Nur ad-Din Mahmud was able to move into Damascus. The last Buride died in exile in Baghdad .
Tribe list
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Zahir ad-Din Tughtigin († February 12, 1128), Emir of Damascus.
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Taj al-Muluk Buri († June 9, 1132), Emir of Damascus; ∞ with Zamarud Khatun.
- Baha ad-Din Savindsch († 1134), governor of Hama .
- Shams al-Muluk Ismail († February 1, 1135), Emir of Damascus.
- Shihab ad-Din Mahmud († 1139), Emir of Damascus.
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Jamal ad-Din Muhammad († 1139/40), Emir of Damascus.
- Mujir ad-Din Abaq († 1169), Emir of Damascus.
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Taj al-Muluk Buri († June 9, 1132), Emir of Damascus; ∞ with Zamarud Khatun.
literature
- Article Burids by R. LeTourneau in The Encyclopedia of Islam , Vol. I, ed. HARGibb, JHKramers, E. Levi Provencal and J. Schacht, (Brill, 1986), p. 1332.
- Buriden in Türkiye Diyanet Vakfı İslâm Ansiklopedisi (Turkish)