Guys out!
" Guys out! "(Or in the original form" lad out! ") Is a student alarm and call for help if an individual student should be attacked or arrested. The call is first documented in writing around 1700, but it was already common earlier in the tradition of the medieval alarm call “ Thiod ute!” (“People out!”) At the oldest universities. The student song of the same name emerged from the call in 1844 .
Origin and change
The special legal position of the student through the academic jurisdiction until 1879 led to frequent conflicts with the police force in the university towns. They were not authorized to arrest or punish a student until a university court ruled them. Attacks by state power or individual citizens on students were not uncommon; with the call out fellow! was able to counter such an attack by calling together several (always armed) students. The reputation often gave rise to major tumults in university towns, especially in the 17th and 18th centuries. In the first half of the 19th century, the reputation and the associated common, armed appearance of the student body was banned by the universities.
The original version, boy out! refers to the expression "the boy" in the meaning of the entire student body, which is derived from the medieval Burse as a living community. The plural form boys out was not used until after 1800. Vollmann defines the boy in his "Burschicosen Lexicon" from 1846 ! as "the" ad arma "of the ancients", the "academic call to arms" and the "boyish thunder word":
“ The collective call to which the entire student body armed with thugs , pistols and goat hoppers. Every studio is obliged to repeat the "fellows" heard and to find their way. The reputation is now prohibited because of the many tumults and is punished with the consilium abeundi and sharpened relegation . "
The Heidelberg Comment of 1806 regulates the obligation to appear immediately as soon as the call is heard. An abusive "calling out a boy" or ignoring the call for help is punished with loss of honor ( shear ).
"Boys out!" As a student song
As a song, "Burschen aus" appears for the first time in Pocci's songbook from 1844; Franz von Kobell is accepted as the author . The original meaning of the call is only hinted at in the second stanza, but where now poetry ("Poesei") calls for help against the bourgeois philistinism and the traditional braids .
- 1. Guys out! Let it ring from house to house!
- When the lark greets May's first day,
- then out and don't ask much, fresh with song and lute playing!
- Guys out!
- 2. Guys out! Let it ring from house to house!
- Poetry calls for help against braid and philistinism,
- then out day and night until they are set free again!
- Guys out!
- 3. Guys out! Let it ring from house to house!
- If it applies to the fatherland, then faithfully the blades at hand,
- and out with courageous singing, it would also be the last course!
- Guys out!
In the final stanza, consisting of a pre-March is to understand unity movement ago, the old meaning of the call is almost into its opposite, since have not been called more to the student solidarity against arbitrary abuse of state power, but a call to the armed conflict is linked . This song creates a change in the meaning of the call, which is found in conscious allusion to the last stanza in calls for the Franco-German War of 1870/71, the First World War and the advertising posters for student volunteer corps at the beginning of the Weimar Republic .
Dissemination in literature and journalism
In his autobiographical novel “Erlebtes”, Joseph von Eichendorff describes how he discovered the consequences of the call Burschen! experienced in an alley:
And just as everywhere, especially among relatives - because they mutually stand in the way of one another through similar habits and pretensions - often the fiercest hostility breaks out, here too all Philistine hatred was especially directed at the craftspeople (knots). Wherever they let themselves step on the so-called broad stone (the modest forerunner of the current sidewalk) or even dared to sing student songs, they were immediately put to flight. But if they were perhaps in too great a plurality, the general screaming: "Boys out!" Then, without asking for reason or cause, half-undressed students with rapiers and clubs rushed out of every door through the rushing succession of the no less rowdy counterpart The improvised scuffle grew from step to step, thick eddies of dust shrouded friend and foe, the dogs barked, the captors tossed their pencils (rods with trapping iron) into the tangled tangle; so the fight often rolled on through the streets and alleys in the middle of the night, so that sleepyheads drove frightened out of the windows ...
A novel by August Sperl about the Wars of Liberation bears the title “Boys out!”. The Nazi student union also took advantage of the song's implications and called its publication organ, which appeared from 1930, "Burschen aus!"
literature
- Robert Paschke: Student History Lexicon , GDS archive, Cologne 1999, p. 58 f. ISBN 3-89498-072-9 .
- Friedhelm Golücke : Student Dictionary , Graz et al. 1987, p. 81 ISBN 3-222-11793-4 .
Individual evidence
- ↑ J. Vollmann (actually Johannes Gräßli): Burschicoses Dictionary , Ragaz 1846, p. 101.
- ↑ "§3. Calling out the guy. If a boy is called out, every student must appear. If it can be shown that someone heard it and did not appear, he will be in trouble. Likewise, the one who has called out a guy without a cause should also get into trouble ” . Heidelberger Comment from July 1806, quoted from: Wilhelm Fabricius: Die Deutschen Corps , Frankfurt / M. 1926, Appendix 3, p. 25.
- ↑ Joseph von Eichendorff: Works, Volume 1, Munich 1970, Chapter II, p. 923 [1]
- ↑ August Sperl: Boys out! Novel from the time of our deepest humiliation , Munich (Beck) 1914.