CFM International LEAP
The CFM International LEAP (originally LEAP-X ) is a turbofan aircraft engine made by CFM International , a joint venture between General Electric (USA) and Safran Aircraft Engines (formerly Snecma , France). GE builds the high-pressure part of the engine, Safran Aircraft Engines the low-pressure part. Leap means "jump" or "set" and the manufacturer also an acronym for Leading Edge Aviation Propulsion , English. for "technology-leading aerospace engine".
Development and use
In 2005, CFM began developing the successful CFM56 engine series under the name LEAP56 . In 2008, the decision was made to redevelop the LEAP-X using LEAP56 technology. In 2012, the manufacturer deleted the suffix "-X" from the model name. Testing of the overall LEAP engine began in September 2013.
The engine is available in three variants for different aircraft models. The LEAP-1A variant for the Airbus A320neo completed its maiden flight on May 19, 2015 from the Airbus factory airport in Toulouse . In November 2015 the engine and in March 2016 the A320neo with engine received joint type certification from EASA and FAA . On July 21, 2016, the first A320neo with LEAP-1A was delivered to the Turkish Pegasus Airlines . The LEAP-1A competes with the Pratt & Whitney PW1000G geared turbofan engine , which is also offered for the A320neo.
Boeing is exclusively equipping the next generation of its 737 (the 737 MAX model series) with LEAP-1B engines, after the CFM56 was already the only engine in the 737NG. Because of the much lower landing gear, Boeing has to make do with a smaller fan of the new engine than Airbus. Testing of the LEAP-1B began in June 2014; it completed its maiden flight on April 29, 2015 on a Boeing 747-100 from GE Aviation , and its maiden flight on a Boeing 737 MAX on January 29, 2016. In May 2016, it received joint approval from EASA and FAA. The first Boeing 737 MAX 8 entered service on May 22, 2017.
The third engine variant, LEAP-1C, powers the Chinese medium- haul jet Comac C919 . The first flight took place on May 5, 2017; Commissioning is expected in the industry in 2019 at the earliest. [outdated]
As of November 2011, CFM had 1,192 orders for the LEAP-1A, 1876 for the LEAP-1B and 760 for the LEAP-1C. By February 2014 there were a total of around 6,000 orders. For comparison: The PW1000G, which is also used in other aircraft models such as the Airbus A220 (formerly Bombardier CSeries) and the next Embraer E-Jet generation, was ordered around 5,000 times by February 2014.
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Like the CFM56 and PW1000G, the LEAP is a twin-shaft engine and belongs to a new generation of engines with a high bypass ratio . A 193 cm fan with a bypass ratio of around 10: 1 was originally planned for the first LEAP models , but at the request of Airbus, CFM increased this data to 198 cm and 11: 1 “at the last minute” in order to be able to use the A320neo the PW1000G can achieve a fuel saving of 15 percent. The fan has 18 blades - only half as many as on the CFM56 - which are made from a lightweight carbon fiber reinforced plastic using a new process and are reinforced with titanium sheets on the front edges . For the first time (in a commercial aircraft engine) ceramic fiber composites are used for parts of the high pressure turbine .
The engine core, known as “eCore”, has a ten-stage high -pressure compressor that is driven by a two-stage high-pressure turbine. The low-pressure section consists of a three-stage compressor and a seven-stage (axial stage configuration of the Leap-1A and -1C is 3-10-2-7) or five-stage (axial stage configuration of the Leap-1B is 3-10-2-5). A combustion chamber ( "TAPS II" ) adopted and further developed by General Electric GEnx is intended to limit nitrogen oxide emissions to half the value permitted by the CAEP / 6 standard . In addition, the noise emissions of the Leap 1A variant during take-offs and landings should be almost halved compared to the CFM56.
Because of its size, the engine is heavier than its predecessor despite the lightweight materials.
Models
| model | LEAP-1A | LEAP-1B | LEAP-1C |
|---|---|---|---|
| Thrust range | 107-143 kN | 130 kN | 138 kN |
| stages | 1-3-10-2-7 | 1-3-10-2-5 | 1-3-10-2-7 |
| Fan diameter | 1.98 m | 1.75 m | 1.98 m |
| Bypass ratio | approx. 11: 1 | approx. 9: 1 | approx. 11: 1 |
| Weight | 3.0 t | Max. 2.8 t | 3.9 t |
| use | Airbus A320neo | Boeing 737 MAX | Comac C919 |
| Use from | 2016 | 2017 | probably from 2021 |
See also
Web links
- current LEAP website from CFM International (English)
- original LEAP-X website from CFM International ( Memento from April 21, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) (English)
Individual evidence
- ^ CFM Laying The Technology Foundation For The Future. CFM International, June 11, 2005, archived from the original on June 23, 2011 ; accessed on June 24, 2011 .
- ↑ CFM Unveil's New LEAP-X Engine. CFM International, July 13, 2008, archived from the original on June 23, 2011 ; accessed on June 24, 2011 .
- ↑ First run of the LEAP engine. Flug-Revue, September 9, 2013, accessed on December 26, 2013 .
- ↑ First flight with CFM engine: Airbus A320neo flies with LEAP-1A. Retrieved July 11, 2016 .
- ↑ CFM International's advanced LEAP-1A engine certified. EASA, November 20, 2015, accessed August 27, 2015 .
- ↑ CFM LEAP-1A Achieves Joint EASA / FAA Certification. cfmaeroengines.com, November 20, 2015, accessed August 27, 2016 .
- ↑ A320neo with LEAP engines receives type certification from EASA and FAA. (No longer available online.) Hamburg Aviation, May 13, 2016, archived from the original on August 27, 2016 ; accessed on August 27, 2016 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ^ First LEAP-1A-powered A320neo aircraft delivered to Pegasus Airlines. cfmaeroengines.com, July 21, 2016, accessed August 27, 2016 .
- ↑ Boeing learns lessons for 737 from 787 overruns. September 2, 2011, accessed September 4, 2011 .
- ↑ Aero International 8/2014, page 38.
- ↑ CFM begins flight tests with LEAP-1B. aero.de, May 8, 2015, accessed on August 27, 2016 .
- ↑ LEAP-1B receives double approval. Flug Revue, May 5, 2016, accessed on August 27, 2016 .
- ↑ OMAC C919 started its maiden flight in Shanghai Pudong. aero.de, May 5, 2017, accessed on May 25, 2017 .
- ↑ New C919 orders push total LEAP orders past 4,300 engines date = 2012-11-14. CFM International, accessed June 29, 2013 .
- ↑ 2014 off to a great start for CFM. CFM International, February 14, 2014, archived from the original on April 12, 2014 ; Retrieved April 12, 2014 .
- ^ Pratt & Whitney to Provide Fuel Efficient PurePower® Engines on Air Costa Order for 50 Embraer Jets. Pratt & Whitney, February 13, 2014, archived from the original April 12, 2014 ; Retrieved April 12, 2014 .
- ↑ Julian Moxon: Paris 2011: Cfm Set For Anticipated Major A320neo Orders Will Likely Mean Good News for CFM's Leap-X Engine. Aviation International News, June 20, 2011, archived from the original on June 23, 2011 ; accessed on June 24, 2011 .
- ↑ Christopher Hinton: Pratt & Whitney holds off CFM on A320neo. MaketWatch, June 23, 2011, archived from the original on June 24, 2011 ; accessed on June 24, 2011 .
- ↑ Add Another 'First' For CFM's Leap Engine Program , Aviation Week, May 27, 2016.
- ↑ a b LEAP-X: the power of the future. CFM International, archived from the original on June 23, 2011 ; accessed on June 24, 2011 .
- ↑ a b c d LEAP Brochure 2013. (No longer available online.) CFM International, archived from the original on September 23, 2015 ; accessed on April 12, 2014 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. ;
- ↑ A320neo with CFM LEAP-1A engines receives joint EASA and FAA Airworthiness Type Certification. Airbus, May 31, 2016, accessed August 1, 2016 .
- ↑ Lufthansa Group orders quieter, fuel-efficient LEAP-1A engines for 40 aircraft. (No longer available online.) Lufthansa Group, May 17, 2014, archived from the original on August 27, 2016 ; accessed on August 1, 2016 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ^ Addison Schonland: The foundation behind the LEAP-X. AirInsight January 11, 2011; archived from the original on June 24, 2011 ; Retrieved June 24, 2011 .
- ↑ a b TYPE-CERTIFICATE DATA SHEET No. E.110 for Engine LEAP-1A & LEAP-1C series engines. (No longer available online.) EASA July 11, 2016, archived from the original on August 27, 2016 ; accessed on August 1, 2016 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ a b TYPE-CERTIFICATE DATA SHEET No. E.115 for Engine LEAP-1B series engines. (No longer available online.) EASA May 4, 2016, archived from the original on June 25, 2016 ; accessed on August 1, 2016 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ LEAP-1C: integrated propulsion system for the Comac C919 , Safran Aircraft Engines, accessed May 5, 2017.
- ↑ TYPE-CERTIFICATE DATA SHEET No. E.110 for Engine LEAP-1A & LEAP-1C series engines. (No longer available online.) EASA June 16, 2017, archived from the original on October 14, 2017 ; accessed on October 14, 2017 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ China's COMAC says first delivery of C919 jet planned for 2021 . In: Reuters . February 6, 2018 ( reuters.com [accessed November 2, 2019]).
