Comac C919

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Comac C919
C919
Type: Twin - engine narrow-body aircraft
Design country:

China People's RepublicPeople's Republic of China People's Republic of China

Manufacturer:

Commercial Aircraft Corporation of China

First flight:

5th May 2017

Commissioning:

planned for 2021

Production time:

since 2015

Number of pieces:

3 prototypes

The Comac C919 is after partially developed in China Comac ARJ21 (until 2009: ACAC ARJ21), the first twin-jet airliner entirely in the People's Republic of China has been developed and there since 2015 by the consortium Commercial Aircraft Corporation of China will be built (Comac).

development

The C919-200 model specified in 2010 was configured for a capacity of 156 to 168 seats. With a length of 38.6 m and a wingspan of 35.4 m, the dimensions largely correspond to the medium -haul models of the Airbus A320 family and the Boeing 737 , with which Comac is in direct competition, particularly in the Chinese market. The first aircraft are to be equipped with engines from Western manufacturers, but in the medium term the consortium is aiming for domestic engine production.

The development budget for the C919 program was approximately $ 8.3 billion. Comac planned the maiden flight for 2014 in 2012 and production figures of five to ten aircraft for 2016 and 2017. According to the plans at the time, 150 units were to be produced annually by 2020.

As a result of the delays that occurred, the C919 lost part of its competitive advantages over the retrofitted competitor models Airbus A320neo and Boeing 737 Max .

The rollout of the C919 took place on November 2, 2015. In March 2017, after extensive tests, the aircraft was certified for its general airworthiness. After proof of electromagnetic compatibility and the implementation of taxi tests , the first flight took place on May 5, 2017. Due to the unfinished flight management system, the aircraft was not expected to be deployed before 2018. At the time of the first flight, a total of 570 orders and purchase commitments had been received, while the first delivery to mostly Chinese customers was expected at the beginning of 2019, the first customer China Eastern is not expected to take over the first aircraft until 2021. The tests in a newly created climatic chamber from 2018 as well as the two-year fatigue tests should be completed in 2019.

The first flight of the second prototype (B-001C) took place on December 16, 2017, the third on December 28, 2018. The construction of three more test aircraft should be completed by the end of 2019, two aircraft completed their first flights on August 1 and on October 24, 2019

Naming

The name “Comac C919” was chosen specifically. "C" stands for (the People's Republic of) C who finds himself hina in the second "C" Company of the company Comac; At the same time, this implies a closeness to the two major manufacturers Airbus and Boeing in the sense of an equal ABC . Numbers play an important role in Chinese culture. Accordingly, the first digit “9” represents eternity (Chinese 永恒 yǒnghéng). The last two digits “19” stand for “190”, the planned maximum number of seats for the type. The first flight of the larger sister version C929 was originally supposed to take place in 2020; that of a possible, further enlarged version C939 later.

Orders

The Chinese domestic market for aircraft is expected to grow strongly by 2035, Boeing estimates the demand at over 6,000 aircraft. Due to the current production and the current orders, Boeing and Airbus will not be able to significantly increase the production volume for larger aircraft for a long time. For political reasons, the Chinese manufacturers see an opportunity here to develop their own market for the C919. Early on in the Chinese media it was published that the production of the C919 will initially involve considerable losses, which are to be offset by state subsidies. This indicates the enormous importance of the project for the Chinese government.

The first 50 firm orders and 50 options were concluded at the 2010 China Airshow. Among the customers are the three largest national airlines China Southern Airlines , China Eastern and Air China , which are to receive up to 20 C919s each. However, the People's Republic of China has obliged its state-controlled airlines to order at least 20 of the model each.

In 2012 the consortium was able to book a total of 115 new orders for the model; With a further order of 20 C919s from Industrial Bank Financial Leasing, as of November 2013, 400 firm orders have been placed.

The only customers outside of China for the time being are the US aircraft leasing company GE Capital Aviation Services (20 aircraft) and the former Thai airline City Airways (10 aircraft; operations ceased in 2016, order canceled). As of December 2016, there were 517 orders, at the time of the first flight Comac announced that 570 orders (including purchase commitments) had been received from 23 different customers. At the end of May 2018, around 700 orders and letters of intent had been received by the summer of 2018.

International cooperation

China is pushing the establishment of its own, independent aircraft production with considerable effort. Since the Chinese aircraft industry has only been concentrating on the production of larger civil aircraft since the early 2000s, which can also be seen in the repeated reorganization of the companies, important key products such as engines and avionics still have to be imported. So z. B. the German manufacturer Liebherr Aerospace supply landing gear and ventilation systems.

In March 2012, Boeing and Comac announced that they would be working together on fuel efficiency. To this end, a research center called Boeing-COMAC Aviation Energy Conservation and Emissions Reductions Technology Center is to be built in Beijing .

CFM engines

China wants to use engines from CFM , a joint venture between General Electric and Safran Aircraft Engines (formerly Snecma ). The LEAP-1C engine ordered is based on a further development of the CFM56 engines . On the other hand, the US competitor Pratt & Whitney , who advertised the Chinese with the fuel savings of their newly developed geared turbofan, the PW1000G, did not win. Industry experts speculated that CFM might have won the bid with its Leap-1C through dumping prices, because it was noticeable that at that time no other manufacturer had selected the engine, while Pratt & Whitney already had several customers for its new concept of the geared turbofan.

Technical specifications

Parameter Data
length 38.9 m
Hull dimensions Width 3.96 m, height 4.16 m
span 35.8 m
height 11.95 m
Max. Cabin diameter Width 3.9 m, height 2.25 m
payload at least 20,400 kg
Passenger capacity 156–168 (later: models with 130–190)
Engines 2 × LEAP-1C
Cruising speed Mach 0.785
Service ceiling 12,100 m
Range 4075 km or 5555 km

Web links

Commons : Comac C919  - collection of images

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Tom Phillips, C-919: China's first homemade jetliner makes maiden flight , in: The Guardian , May 5, 2017, accessed May 5, 2017
  2. ↑ https://www.aerotelegraph.com/comac-will-c919-ab-2021-ausliefern
  3. ^ Second prototype of China's C919 jet conducts test flight: state TV. Reuters.com , December 17, 2017, accessed April 4, 2018 .
  4. ↑ a b COMAC: Third C919 takes off for the first flight. In: Flugrevue.de. December 28, 2018, accessed December 28, 2018 .
  5. ↑ Exact designation by the manufacturer COMAC. ( Memento of the original from October 5, 2009 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. In: comac.cc , accessed on October 11, 2009 (Chinese). @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.comac.cc
  6. ↑ Zhuhai10: COMAC releases C919 specifications. In: Flight Global. November 16, 2010, accessed March 29, 2017 .
  7. ^ Safran and GE make move for C919 engine supply. In: flightglobal.com , September 24, 2009 (English).
  8. ↑ China is striving for heaven ( Memento from September 12, 2009 in the Internet Archive ) (ARD Tagesschau, September 8, 2009)
  9. ↑ Jumbo jet project boon to suppliers. In: chinadaily.com.cn (English).
  10. ↑ a b Laura Frommberg: Riddle about orders from Comac. In: fliegerweb.com March 8, 2012, accessed November 2, 2015.
  11. ↑ Aboulafia, R. Comac C919 Program Briefing. World Military & Civil Aircraft Briefing. 2010.
  12. ↑ China's COMAC Collects 50 More Orders for Home-grown C919 Airplane. In: industryweek.com (English) November 19, 2012, accessed on November 3, 2015.
  13. ↑ C919 gains but loses advantages. ( Memento of the original from March 11, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. In: Leehamnews (Wordpress), January 5, 2012 (English). @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / leehamnews.wordpress.com
  14. ↑ C919: The Advantages Waning, Aerotelegraph, Jan. 8, 2012
  15. ↑ C919 Inches Toward Flight Testing, ARJ21 Toward Upgrade. In: aviationweek.com , November 3, 2014, accessed on November 2, 2015 (English)
  16. ↑ China's first passenger aircraft. In: faz.net . Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung , November 2, 2015, accessed on November 2, 2015
  17. ↑ China-made passenger jet passes tests for maiden flight , in: Global Times, March 27, 2017, p. 4
  18. ↑ China's self-developed passenger aircraft took off for the first time , APA report on derstandard.at dated May 5, 2017, accessed on May 5, 2017.
  19. ↑ China's Comac C919 Edges Toward First Flight , AINonline, January 17, 2017 (English)
  20. ↑ China starts its own jet . In: Mitteldeutsche Zeitung . Halle (Saale) May 6, 2017, p. 32 .
  21. ↑ China's aircraft construction takes off , NZZ, May 6, 2017
  22. ↑ a b New details emerge on proposed China-Russia widebody , accessed June 1, 2018
  23. ↑ China's first air- conditioning laboratory for aircraft is scheduled to go into operation in 2018 , german.people.com.cn, November 9, 2017
  24. ↑ Le 2e prototype C919 réussit son vol inaugural à Shanghai | East Pendulum. Retrieved December 29, 2017 (French).
  25. ↑ The fifth prototype of Comac's C919 program has completed its first test flight. , flightglobal, October 24, 2019
  26. ↑ China's aviation ascent in: Global Times , May 5, 2017, page B8
  27. ↑ China's Commercial Aviation Sector Looks to the Future. ( Memento of the original from April 21, 2017 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. In: project2049.net . (PDF; 210 kB, English) @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / project2049.net
  28. ↑ Boeing estimates China's aircraft market at $ 1 trillion by 2035 ( memento of the original from April 24, 2017 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , in: www.finanztreff.de, September 16, 2016. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.finanztreff.de
  29. ↑ aero.de, November 16, 2010
  30. ↑ a b Markus Fasse: German nozzles to China. In: Handelsblatt , issue 217 of November 9, 2011, p. 21.
  31. ↑ Analysis: Fleet Watch - Year 2012. In: flightglobal.com (English).
  32. ↑ Success message for the C919. In: aerotelegraph.com , November 12, 2013, accessed November 2, 2015.
  33. ↑ Comac has to postpone the first flight of the C919 , accessed on December 2, 2016
  34. ↑ C919 jet undergoes rigorous testing . 19th July 2018
  35. ↑ receipt is missing; the article quoted in the WP-zh “ Comac Begins Building C919 Structure  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. “In Aviationweek of September 8, 2009 does not contain anything on the proportion of foreign manufacturers.@1@ 2Template: Dead Link / www.aviationweek.com  
  36. ↑ http://www.fliegerweb.com/airliner/news/artikel.php?show=news-8832
  37. ↑ China does without new types of aircraft propulsion. Planned passenger aircraft will have a conventional engine. In: Financial Times Deutschland , p. 7, December 22, 2009.
  38. ↑ Comac outlines details of the C919 twinjet family. In: flightglobal.com , September 9, 2009 (English).
  39. ↑ Comac Begins Building C919 Structure.  ( Page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. In: aviationweek.com , September 8, 2009 (English).@1@ 2Template: Dead Link / www.aviationweek.com