Campegius Vitringa the Elder
Campegius Vitringa the Elder (born May 16, 1659 in Leeuwarden , † March 31, 1722 in Franeker ) was a Dutch Reformed theologian.
Life
The son of the secretary and legal scholar at the Frisian court Horatius Vitringa and his wife Albertina von Haen learned the basics of Latin, Greek and Hebrew at the grammar school in his hometown. In 1675 he studied at the University of Franeker , where he completed a degree in philosophical sciences in the first year. His teachers at the time were Johann Terentius and Nikolaus Blancard . The next two years he studied theology with Hermann Witsius , Nikolaus Arnold and Johannes a Marck . The great reputation of Friedrich Spanheim , Christoph Wittich (1625–1687), Stephanus le Moine and Antonius Hulsius prompted him to continue his studies at the University of Leiden in 1678 . In Leiden he received his doctorate in theology on July 9, 1679.
He then returned to Leeuwarden, but after a short period there was appointed Professor of Oriental Languages at the University of Franeker on August 19, 1680, which he took up on January 11, 1681 with the speech de officio probi sacratum Litterarum Interpretis . On May 8, 1683, he took over a professorship in theology, from which he moved up on May 6, 1693 to the full professorship of church history. Despite lucrative appointments to Utrecht, he stayed at Franeker University, where he died after a heart attack.
Act
Vitringa was one of the most valued exegetes of his time. He had a profound knowledge of oriental literature and of Jewish antiquity. As a follower of Johannes Coccejus , he combined his federal theology with the ascetics of Gisbert Voetius . More than Coccejus, Vitringa emphasized in the term will the divine position before a human part in the covenant. He replaced the legal terminology with a consistently biblical one. In interpreting the Apocalypse , he corrected the Master's doctrine of periods and transposed the millennial kingdom from church history into the future.
Fonts (selection)
- Commentary on the Book of Isaiah . Leeuwarden 1714-1720
- De synagoga vetere libri tres . Franeker 1694
- Sacrum observationum Liber I-IV. Franeker 1683–1708, II part 1711–1719
- Archisynagogus, observationibus novibus illustratus: quibus veteris Synagogae constitutio tota traditur, inde deducta Episcoporum Presbyterorumque primae ecclesiae orgine. Franeker 1685
- Introduction to the correct presentation of the temple in Jerusalem. Franeker 1687
- De Decemviris otiosis ad sacra necessaria veteris Synagogae curanda deputatis liber singularis; in Lightfooti ententiae de hoc argumento non ita pridem a se accept se ratio redditur, quaeque illis nuper objectae sunt, difficultates e medio removentur; illustratio, ubi occasio est, cum locis Sacrae Scripturae turn antiquis civitatis Hebraeorum consuatudinibus. Franeker 1687
- De generatione filii ex Patre et morte fidelium temporali. Disputationes theologicae cum clar. AH Roell. Franeker 1689
- Doctrina Christianae religionis per aphorismos summatim descripta. Franeker 1690, 1693, 1702, French 1721
- Correct explanation of the temple of Ezekiel, defended against JH Coccejus. Harlem 1693
- Anacrysis Apocalypseot Joannis Apostoli, qua in veras interpretendae ejus hypotheses diligenter inquiritur, et ex iisdem interpretatio facta certis historiarum monumentis confirmatur atque illustratur; ea etiam quae Meldensis Praesul Bossuetus in hujus vaticinii commentario supposuit, et exegetico Protestantium systemate, in visis de Bestia et Babylone Mystica objecit sedulo examinantur. Franeker 1705; Edition 1 cum cura recognita, his illis in locis auction Accessit huic editioni index accuratus. Amsterdam 1719, edition 3 Weißenfels 1721
- Oralio de Synodis, earumque utilitale, necessitate et auctoritate. Franecker 1706
- Hypotyposis historiae et chronologiae sacrae, a mundo condito usque ad finem saeculi primae aerae veteris. Accedit typus doctrinae propheticae. Franeker 1708, edition 2, Leeuwarden 1716, edition 3, Jena 1722
- Commentarius in librum prophetiarum Jesaiae, quo sensus Orationis ejus sedulo investigatur, in veras visorum interpretandorum hypotheses inquiritur, et ex iisdem facta interpretatio antiquae historiae monumentis confirmatur atque illustratur. Part I. and II. Leeuwarden 1714–1720
- Interpretation of the parables contained in the Gospel. Amsterdam 1715
- Typus theologiae practicae, sive de vita spirituali ejusque affectionibus brevis commentatio. Franeker 1716; Issue 2 Bremen 1717
- Animadversiones ad methodum Homiliarum Ecclesiasticarum rite instituendarum. Franeker, 1721; Issue 2, Jena 1722
- Investigation of the mysterious understanding of the miracles of Jesus Christ. Allegorical and mystical explanation of Moses' story about the sixth day's work, and an explanation of some prophetic writers. 2. Sam. 23, 1-7. Ps. 68, 8 and 45. Dictated to his audience in Latin and translated into Dutch, along with a preface by H. Venema. Franeker 1725
literature
- Friedrich Karl Gottlob Hirsching: Historical literary handbook of famous and memorable people who lived in the eighteenth century. Verlag Schwickert, Leipzig, 1812, vol. 15, 2nd section, p. 12 ( online )
- Heinrich Doering : The learned theologians of Germany in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. Verlag Johann Karl Gottfried Wagner, 1835, Neustadt an der Orla, vol. 4, p. 594 ( online )
- Knipscheer: Vitringa (Campegius of Kempe) . In: Nieuw Nederlandsch Biografisch Woordenboek (NNBW) 10, AW Sijthoff, Leiden 1937, Sp. 1124f.
- Klaas Maarten Witteveen: VITRINGA, CAMPEGIUS (KEMPE) . In: Biografisch lexicon voor de geschiedenis van het Nederlands protestantisme 3, 1988, pp. 379-381
- Klaas Maarten Witteveen: Campegius Vitringa and prophetic theology . In: Zwingliana 19, 2 (1991/92), pp. 343-359
Web links
- Campegius Vitringa . In: Biographical Portaal van Nederland (Dutch)
personal data | |
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SURNAME | Vitringa, Campegius the Elder |
ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Vitringa, Campegius |
BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Dutch Reformed theologian |
DATE OF BIRTH | May 16, 1659 |
PLACE OF BIRTH | Leeuwarden |
DATE OF DEATH | March 31, 1722 |
Place of death | Franeker |