Canzun de Sontga Margriata

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The Canzun de Sontga Margriata ("Song of St. Margaret") is one of the oldest traditional songs in the Rhaeto-Romanic language . In the middle of the 19th century, farmers in Graubünden sang it while working in the fields.

The song tells of the Sontga Margriata who dressed as a man seven summer on the Alp worked, discovered by a shepherd boy by a coincidence that the supposed shepherd is a beautiful woman and the mystery really necessarily the Sennen said to have betrayed. Margriata offers the boy ever more valuable, magical gifts, but the boy does not want to be dissuaded. Then Margriata curses him for sinking three fathoms deep into the earth and parting forever from the alp, where the springs are drying up and the meadows wither.

In addition to the magic spells from Tavetsch , this Canzun de sontga Margriata , whose origin is dated to the early Middle Ages (cf. death of St. Gallus 640 and before the activity of Pirmin around 720 AD), is one of the oldest Rhaeto-Romanic language monuments.

Margaret of Antioch represents a pre-Christian fertility goddess in the Alpine region . Margareta chapels and churches are mostly found outside of built-up areas. Christian Caminada , Bishop of Chur and folklorist , compared her to the Germanic goddess Freyja .

Text and translation

Caminada documented the Margareta song and translated it:

Sontga Margriata ei stada siat stads ad alp,
May quendisch dis meins.
In di eis ella ida dal stavel giu,
Dada giu sin ina nauscha platta,
Ch'igl ei scurclau siu bi sein alv.
Paster petschen ha quei ad aguri cattau.
"Quei sto nies signun ir a saver,
Tgeinina zezna purschala nus havein."

"Sche ti vul quei buca dir ora,
Sche vi jeu dar a ti treis bialas camischas,
Che pli ti scarvunas e pli alvas ch'ellas vegnan."
«Quei vi jeu buc, quei prend jeu buc!
Quei sto nies signun ir a saver,
Tgeinina zezna purschala nus havein. "

"Sche ti vul quei buca dir ora,
Sche vi jeu dar a ti treis bialas nuorsas,
Che ti sas tunder treis gadas igl onn
E mintgaga ventgaquater crenas launa."
«Quei vi jeu buc, quei prend jeu buc!
Quei sto nies signun ir a saver,
Tgeinina zezna purschala nus havein. "

"Sche ti vul quei buca dir ora,
Sche vi jeu dar a ti treis bialas vaccas,
Che ti sas mulscher treis gadas il di,
Mintgaga siu bi curtè latg."
«Quei vi jeu buc, quei prend jeu buc!
Quei sto nies signun ir a saver,
Tgeinina zezna purschala nus havein. "

"Sche ti vul quei buca dir ora,
Sche vi jeu dar a ti in bi curtgin,
Che ti sas segar treis gadas igl onn,
E mintgaga siu bi ladretsch fein."
«Quei vi jeu buc, quei prend jeu buc!
Quei sto nies signun ir a saver,
Tgeinina zezna purschala nus havein. "

"Sche ti vul quei buca dir ora,
Sche vi jeu dar a ti in bi mulin,
Che mola il di segal e la notg salin,
Senza mai metter si buc in."
«Quei vi jeu buc, quei prend jeu buc!
Quei sto nies signun ir a saver,
Tgeinina zezna purschala nus havein. "

"E sche tiu signun sto quei saver,
Sche ti sas fundar entochen culiez."
"O, buna sontga Margriata,
Lai po vegnir viado,
quei sto nies signun buc ir a saver."
Cu la sontga Margriata ha gidau ô il paster petschen,
Ha quel puspei you decided:
"Quei sto nies signun ir a saver,
Tgeinina zezna purschala nus havein."

"Sche ti vul quei dir ora,
Sche dueis ti fundar treis tschuncheismas ault."
Allura va sontga Margriata dabot,
E da tut ella pren pietigot!
«Pietigot, ti miu bien signun,
E pietigot, ti mia buna caldera,
Pietigot mia buna panaglia,
E pietigot ti mia buna fueinetta,
Che jeu durmevel adina cun tei.
Pertgei fas quei miu bien paster?
Pietigot mias bunas vachettas,
Vus vegnis a schigiar dil latg.
Ah, pietigot entuorn, entuorn,
Sappi Dieus cur jeu cheu tuorn! »

Epi mav'ella sul Cunclas ô.
La caldera e las vaccas mavan suenter,
Aschi lunsch sco ellas han viu,
Han ellas buca calau de bargir.
Epi eis ella ida sper ina fontauna ô, a cantond:
"O ti, o ti fontaunetta,
Sche jeu mond ir naven
Sche vegnas lu schigiar si!"
E la fontauna ei schigiada si.
Epi eis ella ida sper ina plaunca ô, a cantond:
"O ti, o ti plaunchetta,
Sche jeu mond ir naven,
Sche vegnas ti guess a seccar!"
E la plaunca ei seccada.
"Ah, mia buna jarva,
Sche jeu mond ir naven,
Ti vegnas lu seccar e mai verdegar."
E la jarva ei seccada e mai verdegada,
E cur ch'ell'ei ida sut il zenn da sogn Gieri e sogn Gagl,
Tuccavan ei d'ensemen, ch'ei dev'ô il battagl.

Saint Margreth spent seven summers on the alp,
less than fifteen days.
She went down the season once.
And fell on an evil slab of stone,
The bosom's bosom appeared.
The shepherd boy noticed:
"Our herdsman must know that, what a
blissful maiden we have"

"And if the herdsman doesn't have to know,
I will give you three beautiful shirts,
which become whiter the more you pollinate them."
"I don't want that, I won't take that
, our herdsman must know that, what a
happy maiden we have."

"And if the herdsman doesn't have to know,
I will give you three beautiful sheep,
Which you can shear three times a year,
And each shear gives twenty-four pegs of wool."
"I don't want that, I won't take that
, our herdsman must know that, what a
happy maiden we have."

"And if the
herdsman doesn't have to know, then I'll give you three beautiful brown cows,
which you can milk three times a day,
and each time a pail full of milk."
"I don't want that, I won't take that
, our herdsman must know that, what a
happy maiden we have."

"And if the herdsman doesn't have to know,
then I'll give you a nice hill,
where you can mow three times a year,
and a big haystack every time."
"I don't want that, I won't take that
, our herdsman must know that, what a
happy maiden we have."

"And if the herdsman doesn't have to know,
I will give you a beautiful mill that
grinds rye by day and wheat by night,
without pouring it out once."
"I don't want that, I won't take that
, our herdsman must know that, what a
happy maiden we have."

"And if the herdsman has to know,
then sink into the bottom up to your neck!"
«O good Saint Margrethe,
help me up!
Our herdsman shouldn't know that. "
She helped him up, but he began:
"Our Senne must know that, what a
blessed virgin we have."


"And if the herdsman has to know,
then you should sink three fathoms."
Then the holy Margreth leaves quickly
And bids farewell all around.
«Farewell, my good herdsman!
Farewell, you my Alpkessel,
Farewell, you my butter churn, Farewell
, you my little stove,
wherever I had the sleeping quarters,
- Why did you do that, good shepherd boy?
- Farewell, my good cows. Your
milk will dry up,
oh, goodbye, goodbye all around!
God knows when I'll be back! "

Then she went over the Kunkels addition,
the milk boiler after, and after the cows,
as far as they looked nor the Distinctive,
they have to cry not diminished.
Then she passed a Bronn
and sang: "O Bronn, oh little Bronn,
If I go away,
you will certainly dry up!"
And the Bronn has dried up.
Then she went over a heap
and sang: "O heap, oh dear heap,
If I go away,
you will certainly wither."
And the dump is withered.
"Oh good herbs,
if I
leave, you will wither and probably never grow green."
And the herbs are withered and never greens.
The
maiden has passed by under the bell of Sankt Jorg and Sankt Gall .
Then the bell rang so loud
that the clapper flew out.

literature

  • Paul Bänziger: The summer and winter of the Sontga Margriata. IKOS, Theilingen 2002, ISBN 978-3-906473-17-8 .
  • Christian Caminada: The Enchanted Valleys. The prehistoric cults and customs in ancient Raetia. Walter, Olten / Freiburg i. Br. 1961. Reprint: Desertina-Verlag, Disentis 1992, ISBN 3-85637-115-X .

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. The correct translation is: "Never fifteen days less".