Chalceus

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Chalceus
Chalceus sp.

Chalceus sp.

Systematics
Cohort : Otomorpha
Sub-cohort : Ostariophysi
Otophysa
Order : Tetras (Characiformes)
Family : Chalceidae
Genre : Chalceus
Scientific name of the  family
Chalceidae
Fowler , 1958
Scientific name of the  genus
Chalceus
Cuvier , 1817

Chalceus is a genus of large, slender tetra from South America . Chalceus - species are in tropical South America east of the Andes in the basin of the Amazon and Guiana before.

features

Chalceus species grow to be 8 to 10 inches long. Its body is elongated, the large caudal fin deeply forked, with a lower caudal fin lobe that is often slightly larger. The most noticeable characteristic of the genus is the special scaling. Above the sideline , which is relatively low on the sides, there are three rows of very large scales, below the scales are much smaller and more numerous. In German the freshwater fish are also called gloss tetra or South American large scale tetra (cf. African large scale tetra ). The dorsal fin is short and lies behind the center of the body. A short adipose fin is present.

Chalceus species are fast-swimming and well-leaping schooling fish that carnivore feed on smaller fish and insects.

Systematics

Chalceus was until recently assigned to the family of the real tetras (Characidae) and was not placed in any subfamily there ( Incertae sedis ). In 2011 the genus was placed in an independent, monotypical family, the Chalceidae (Claudio Oliveira et al., 2011).

Chalceus macrolepidotus

species

Chalceus species are used locally as food fish.

literature

  • Günther Sterba : The world's freshwater fish. 2nd Edition. Urania, Leipzig / Jena / Berlin 1990, ISBN 3-332-00109-4 .
  • Günther Sterba (Ed.), Gert Brückner: Encyclopedia of Aquaristics and Special Ichthyology. Neumann-Neudamm, Melsungen u. a. 1978, ISBN 3-7888-0252-9 .
  • Axel Zarske: Chalceus Cuvier, 1817. In: Claus Schaefer, Torsten Schröer (Hrsg.): The large lexicon of aquaristics. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart 2004, ISBN 3-8001-7497-9 , p. 206.
  • Claudio Oliveira et al .: Phylogenetic relationships within the speciose family Characidae (Teleostei: Ostariophysi: Characiformes) based on multilocus analysis and extensive ingroup sampling. BMC Evolutionary Biology 2011, 11: 275 doi : 10.1186 / 1471-2148-11-275 .
  • Angela M. Zanata, Mônica Toledo-Piza: Taxonomic revision of the South American fish genus Chalceus Cuvier (Teleostei: Ostariophysi: Characiformes) with the description of three new species. In: Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. Volume 140, No. 1, January 2004, pp. 103-135 ( doi : 10.1111 / j.1096-3642.2004.00090.x ).

Web links

Commons : Chalceus  - collection of images, videos and audio files