Chemical Solution Deposition
The English term chemical solution deposition (CSD, dt. 'Chemical deposition from the solution', ' chemical solution deposition ') describes a group of (chemical) coating processes in which a substrate is first wetted with a solution and this layer is solidified. This includes a wide range of procedures:
- Sol-gel process ;
- metal organic decomposition (engl., metal-organic decomposition , MOD, also metal-organic deposition )
- Electroplating (Engl. Electro-chemical deposition ECD):
- electroless plating (engl. electroless plating )
In contrast to methods of chemical or physical vapor deposition , the methods do not require a vacuum and are therefore faster and cheaper. They can also be used to coat large-area substrates with defect-free thin layers and good stoichiometry .
Solution application method
The solution can be applied to the substrate by various methods, typically rotary and dip coating as well as inkjet printing .
Spin coating
In spin coating (also known as spin-on ), after the solution has been dosed, the substrate is rotated centrally on a horizontal substrate surface (the axis of rotation being vertical to the surface). As a result of the rotation, the solution is driven outwards and a thin and even film is formed on the substrate.
Dip coating
In the dip coating (engl. Dip coating ), the substrate is dipped into the coating solution and pulled out again. When it is pulled out, a thin film of liquid remains on the substrate. Temperature , ambient pressure , air humidity and the speed and angle at which the substrate is pulled out of the coating solution are decisive factors for the layer thickness and the quality of the coating. After the substrate has been coated, it is then usually dried and fired into a ceramic by pyrolysis (conversion of organic to inorganic) . Certain crystal structures are formed here, as is required, for example, in superconductor production .
Inkjet printing
In ink-jet printing , the substrate is not coated by dipping it into the solution, but by a special ink-jet printer . This sprays the substrate with the coating solution. This process produces relatively good results under simple conditions, but it is very costly compared to dip coating.
Inkjet printing, however, allows pixel graphics and fonts.
literature
- Robert W. Schwartz, Manoj Narayanan: Chemical Solution Deposition — Basic Principles . In: David B. Mitzi (Ed.): Solution processing of inorganic materials . Wiley-Interscience, 2009, ISBN 978-0-470-40665-6 , pp. 33-76 .
Individual evidence
- ↑ Gerald Gerlach, Wolfram Dötzel: Introduction to microsystem technology: a guide for students . John Wiley and Sons, 2008, ISBN 978-0-470-05861-9 , pp. 84 .
- ↑ Theodor Schneller; Rainer Waser; Marija Kosec; David Payne (Ed.): Chemical solution deposition of functional oxide thin films . Springer, Vienna 2013, OCLC 869825399 .