chenille

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Silk chenille thread, greatly enlarged

Chenille ( French : "caterpillar") describes a fabric or knitted fabric with a velvety surface that is made from chenille yarn. Shortening can Chenille also called chenille yarn.

Chenille yarn

The yarn has many "hairs" that stick out to the side. This so-called pile consists of short, fine threads , it gives the chenille yarn the appearance of a hairy caterpillar . The inside (the so-called soul) of the chenille yarn consists of at least two tear-resistant soul threads that are twisted ( twisted ) together during the manufacture of the chenille yarn . During the twisting process, the cut pile threads fall between the soul threads and are held together by them.

Chenille yarn can be made from different fibers. Usually it consists of cotton , viscose , polyacrylic or polypropylene fibers.

The mesh

Properties and manufacture

Technically it is not a pile fabric , but a flat fabric . Thus, only warp and weft threads are crossed without a pile thread being introduced. The three-dimensional character is created by the chenille yarn.

Chenille products made from high quality chenille yarns are robust and durable. They tend to uncontrolled thread displacements during care / cleaning treatment and require special attention.

Emil Meißner from Zeitz was the inventor of a manufacturing machine in 1918 . The Feiler company in Hohenberg an der Eger , which is known by 90 percent of Japanese women, is the world's leading manufacturer of genuine, colorfully woven chenille and terry towels with chenille borders . Cheap chenille qualities mostly come from Asia.

use

In the 18th century, chenille thread was mainly used as embroidery thread. Due to an invention of the scarf manufacturer James Templeton from Glasgow in 1839, chenille threads were also used in the manufacture of Axminster carpets ("Chenille-Axminster"). The complex procedure is no longer used today.

Today, chenille fabric is mainly used as a heavy curtain fabric and as an upholstery fabric. In the clothing industry, chenille is used e.g. B. used for scarves and bath products. The magic worms , a cult toy from the 1970s / 80s, are also made from a material that can be considered a particularly thick chenille thread.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Chenille Information Chenille International Manufacturers Association (English)
  2. ↑ Arthur H. Cole: The Chenille Axminster Carpet Manufacture , in: The Quarterly Journal of Economics, Vol. 39, No. 1 (Nov. 1924), pp. 136-144, here p. 136.
  3. ↑ Chenille-Axminsterteppich in the living lexicon of raumeinrichtung.de