Chromate allergy
| Classification according to ICD-10 | |
|---|---|
| L23.0 |
Allergic contact dermatitis due to metals chrome |
| ICD-10 online (WHO version 2019) | |
The chromate allergy , also called masonry dross or cement dross , is an allergic skin reaction that occurs when the skin comes into contact with chemical compounds from the group of chromates . This form of allergy is one of the allergic contact eczema . In allergy tests in dermatological clinics, chromates are among the most common contact allergens in Germany with a 4–10% positive reaction.
causes
The most common triggers of chromate allergies are cement-containing building materials, which occur in Germany with a case number of around 400 each year. Chromates are also often found in wood and corrosion protection agents , lubricants , leather items and cosmetics . Electroplating workers also show an increased number of cases.
Symptoms and other dangers
The symptoms of a chromate allergy are initially diffuse erythematous skin redness, which can quickly turn into ulcers with itching and painful skin tears. Long-term contact with toxic chromates continues to pose a risk of kidney damage ( nephritis ). If there is a chromate allergy, the skin is often very sensitive to light and cross-reactions with other metals, especially nickel and cobalt, can occur .
prophylaxis
By adding iron and tin compounds such as iron sulfate and tin sulfate to building materials, reducing the water-soluble chromium (VI) compounds prevents the chromates from affecting the skin and thus averting allergic reactions. However, this protective effect can be canceled if stored too long, so that even building materials labeled as low in chromate can trigger the allergy.
Individual evidence
- ^ A b c Günter Fred Fuhrmann: Toxicology for Natural Scientists: Introduction to theoretical and special toxicology. Vieweg + Teubner Verlag, 2006, ISBN 9783835100244 , p. 218.
- ↑ a b c Entry on sodium chromate in the GESTIS substance database of the IFA , accessed on November 22, 2009 (JavaScript required)
- ↑ a b Axel Trautmann: Allergy diagnosis, allergy therapy. Georg Thieme Verlag, 2006, ISBN 9783131421814 , p. 298.
- ↑ Kronos Ecochem: Chromate reduction in cement with ferrous sulfates. Retrieved February 6, 2018.
- ↑ Verein Deutscher Zementwerke eV Research Institute of the Cement Industry: The importance of chromate in cements and cementitious preparations. Status report, version of January 5, 1999, accessed on February 6, 2018.
