Cohors III Asturum

The Cohors III Asturum [civium Romanorum] [equitata] ( German 3rd cohort of the Asturians [of the Roman citizens] [partly mounted] ) was a Roman auxiliary unit . It is evidenced by military diplomas and inscriptions.

Name components

Asturum : the Asturian . The soldiers of the cohort were recruited from the Asturian people in the area of the conventus Asturum (with the capital Asturica Augusta ) when the unit was established .

civium Romanorum : the Roman citizen. The soldiers of the unit had been granted Roman citizenship at one point in time. However, this did not apply to soldiers who were accepted into the unit after this point in time. They received Roman citizenship only with their honorable farewell ( Honesta missio ) after 25 years of service. The addition occurs in military diplomas from 104 to 156/157 as well as in the inscription ( CIL 11, 4371 ).

equitata : partially mounted. The unit was a mixed association of infantry and cavalry. The addition appears in the inscription ( CIL 11, 4371 ).

pia fidelis : loyal and loyal. The addition appears in the diploma ( CIL 16, 182 ).

Since there is no evidence of the addition of milliaria (1000 men) to the name , the unit was a Cohors (quingenaria) equitata . The nominal strength of the cohort was 600 men (480 infantry and 120 horsemen), consisting of 6 centuries of infantry with 80 men each and 4 tower cavalry with 30 horsemen each.

history

The cohort was stationed in the province of Mauretania Tingitana . It is listed on military diplomas for the years 104 to 156/157 AD.

The first evidence of unity in Mauretania Tingitana is based on a diploma dated 104. In the diploma, the cohort is listed as part of the troops (see Roman Forces in Mauretania ) that were stationed in the province. Other diplomas, dated 106 to 157, prove unity in the same province.

The unit is mentioned for the last time in the Notitia dignitatum with the designation Cohors tertiae Asturum for the Tabernas location. It was part of the troops under the command of the Comes Tingitaniae , under the direction of a tribune .

Locations

Locations of the cohort in Mauretania Tingitana were:

Tabernas: The unit is listed in the Notitia dignitatum for this location.

Members of the cohort

The following members of the cohort are known.

Commanders

Sex (tus) Ticiasenus Allianus, a prefect ( CIL 11, 4371 )

Others

Latiurus ( AE 1934, 45 )
M (arcus) Sen [] Victo [r] ( AE 1934, 45 )

Remarks

↑ According to John Spaul and Paul Holder, this could be due to an error in the creation of the diploma, as the addition is only given in the diploma ( CIL 16, 182 ). The incorrect attribution probably occurred because the Ala III Asturum was also stationed in the province, for which the addition pia fidelis is given in several diplomas.

Individual evidence

↑ ^a ^b Margaret M. Roxan : The Auxilia of the Roman Army raised in the Iberian Peninsula Volume 1. (PDF 23.5 MB) discovery.ucl.ac.uk, 1973, pp. 65, 70-72, 382-384 (68, 73-75, 385-387) , accessed December 29, 2018 .

^ Paul A. Holder: Exercitus Pius Fidelis: The Army of Germania Inferior in AD 89 In: Zeitschrift für Papyrologie und Epigraphik . Volume 128 (1999), pp. 237-250, here pp. 243, 247 ( PDF ).

^ ^A ^b John Spaul: Cohors² The evidence for and a short history of the auxiliary infantry units of the Imperial Roman Army , British Archaeological Reports 2000, BAR International Series (Book 841), ISBN 978-1841710464 , pp. 69-71, 77

^ Jörg Scheuerbrandt : Exercitus. Tasks, organization and command structure of Roman armies during the imperial era. Dissertation, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg im Breisgau 2003/2004, p. 176 Table 18 ( PDF p. 178 ).

↑ Military diplomas of the years 104 ( ZPE-146-255 ), 109 ( CIL 16, 162 ), 114/117 ( CIL 16, 165 ), 122 ( CIL 16, 73 ), 129/130 ( CIL 16, 173 ), 131 ( RMD 3, 157 ), 153 ( RMD 5, 409 , RMD 5, 411 , RMM 34 , ZPE-153-202 , ZPE-162-244 , ZPE-197-243 ) and 156/157 ( CIL 16, 181 , CIL 16, 182 ).

^ Notitia dignitatum in partibus Occidentis XXVI ( online ).

↑ Margaret M. Roxan: The Auxilia of the Roman Army raised in the Iberian Peninsula Volume 2. (PDF 9.8 MB) discovery.ucl.ac.uk, 1973, pp. 723-724 (144-145) , accessed on December 29, 2018 (English).

[NA-3] According to John Spaul and Paul Holder, this could be due to an error in the creation of the diploma, as the addition is only given in the diploma ( CIL 16, 182 ). The incorrect attribution probably occurred because the Ala III Asturum was also stationed in the province, for which the addition pia fidelis is given in several diplomas.

[mmr1-1] Margaret M. Roxan : The Auxilia of the Roman Army raised in the Iberian Peninsula Volume 1. (PDF 23.5 MB) discovery.ucl.ac.uk, 1973, pp. 65, 70-72, 382-384 (68, 73-75, 385-387) , accessed December 29, 2018 .

[pah-2] Paul A. Holder: Exercitus Pius Fidelis: The Army of Germania Inferior in AD 89 In: Zeitschrift für Papyrologie und Epigraphik . Volume 128 (1999), pp. 237-250, here pp. 243, 247 ( PDF ).

[jsp-4] A ^b John Spaul: Cohors² The evidence for and a short history of the auxiliary infantry units of the Imperial Roman Army , British Archaeological Reports 2000, BAR International Series (Book 841), ISBN 978-1841710464 , pp. 69-71, 77

[js-5] Jörg Scheuerbrandt : Exercitus. Tasks, organization and command structure of Roman armies during the imperial era. Dissertation, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg im Breisgau 2003/2004, p. 176 Table 18 ( PDF p. 178 ).