Ala III Asturum

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The Ala III Asturum [civium Romanorum] [pia fidelis] ( German  3rd Ala of the Asturians [of the Roman citizens] [loyal and loyal] ) was a Roman auxiliary unit . It is evidenced by military diplomas and inscriptions.

Name components

  • Asturum : the Asturian . When the unit was set up, the Ala soldiers were recruited from the Asturian people in the area of ​​the conventus Asturum (with the capital Asturica Augusta ).
  • civium Romanorum : the Roman citizen or with Roman citizenship. The soldiers of the unit had been granted Roman citizenship at one point in time. However, this did not apply to soldiers who were accepted into the unit after this point in time. They received Roman citizenship only with their honorable farewell ( Honesta missio ) after 25 years of service. The addition appears in military diplomas from AD 109 to AD 162/203.
  • pia fidelis : loyal and loyal. The addition appears in military diplomas from AD 109 to 153.

Since there is no reference to the addition of milliaria (1000 men) to the name , the unit was an Ala quingenaria . The nominal strength of the Ala was 480 men, consisting of 16 towers with 30 riders each.

history

The Ala was probably set up under Augustus and was probably initially stationed in Hispania . At an unspecified point in time before 88 AD, the unit was relocated to the province of Mauretania Tingitana . The first evidence in the Mauretania Tingitana province is based on a military diploma dated 88. In the diploma, the Ala is listed as part of the troops (see Roman Armed Forces in Mauretania ) that were stationed in the province. Further diplomas, dated 104 to 162/203, prove unity in the same province.

It is possible that the Ala was moved to Germania in 88 . It is also conceivable that she took part in Trajan's first Dacian war around 101/102 .

The last evidence of the Ala is based on the inscription ( AE 1991, 1743 ) which is dated to 210.

Locations

Locations of the Ala in Mauretania Tingitana may have been:

Members of the Ala

The following members of the Ala are known:

Commanders

Others

  • Val (erius) Ma [] tius, a Decurio (around 210) ( AE 1991, 1743 )
  • Vols (ienus), a veteran and former Decurio ( AE 1953, 41 )

See also

Remarks

  1. ↑ According to Margaret M. Roxan , it is also possible that the Ala was initially moved to the Rhine together with the Ala I and II Asturum . She believes the transfer to Mauretania Tingitana happened between 70 and 84/85. John Spaul suspects, however, that this transfer already took place under Claudius (41–54).
  2. ↑ For the time when the awards civium Romanorum and pia fidelis were bestowed, there are the following assumptions: Margaret M. Roxan assumes that the Ala acquired these additions during fights in Mauretania Tingitana between 88 and 109. Paul Holder , on the other hand, suspects that the unit was relocated to Germania in 88 and received the awards when Domitian (81-96) received the honorary designation pia fidelis Domitiana in Germania inferior after the suppression of the uprising of Lucius Antonius Saturninus after the Roman armed forces remained loyal to him awarded. John Spaul thinks it is possible that the unit took part in Trajan's Dacer wars and won their awards there.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Margaret M. Roxan : The Auxilia of the Roman Army raised in the Iberian Peninsula Volume 1. (PDF 23.5 MB) discovery.ucl.ac.uk, 1973, pp. 65-67, 342-348 (68 -70, 345-351) , accessed on May 10, 2017 (English).
  2. ^ A b c John EH Spaul: Ala². The Auxiliary Cavalry Units of the Pre-Diocletianic Imperial Roman Army. Nectoreca Press, Andover 1994, ISBN 0-9525062-0-3 , pp. 45-47.
  3. ^ Jörg Scheuerbrandt : Exercitus. Tasks, organization and command structure of Roman armies during the imperial era. Dissertation, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg im Breisgau 2003/2004, p. 176 Table 18 ( PDF p. 178 ).
  4. ↑ Military diplomas of the years 88 ( CIL 16, 159 ), 104 ( ZPE-146-255 ), 109 ( CIL 16, 161 ), 114/117 ( CIL 16, 165 ), 122 ( CIL 16, 73 ), 135 ( AE 1985, 991 , RMD 5, 382 ), 153 ( RMD 5, 409 , RMD 5, 410 , RMD 5, 411 , RMM 34 , ZPE-162-244 ), 156/157 ( CIL 16, 181 , CIL 16, 182 ), 159 ( RMD 1, 53 ), 161 ( AE 1984, 529 ), and 162/203 ( RMD 3, 186 ).
  5. ^ Paul A. Holder: Exercitus Pius Fidelis: The Army of Germania Inferior in AD 89 In: Zeitschrift für Papyrologie und Epigraphik . Volume 128 (1999), pp. 237-250, here pp. 247-248 ( PDF ).
  6. ↑ Margaret M. Roxan: The Auxilia of the Roman Army raised in the Iberian Peninsula Volume 2. (PDF 9.8 MB) discovery.ucl.ac.uk, 1973, pp. 129-130 (708-709) , accessed on May 10, 2017 (English).