Cohors II Sardorum

The Cohors II Sardorum [Severiana] ( German 2nd cohort of the Sardinians [the Severian] ) was a Roman auxiliary unit . It is evidenced by a military diploma and inscriptions.

Name components

Sardorum : the Sardinian . The soldiers of the cohort were recruited from the Sardinian people in the Roman province of Sardinia et Corsica when the unit was established .

Severiana : the Severian. An honorary title that refers to Severus Alexander (222-235). The addition appears in the inscription ( CIL 8, 21720 ).

Since there is no evidence of the additions milliaria (1000 men) and equitata (partially mounted), it can be assumed that it is a pure infantry cohort, a Cohors (quingenaria) peditata . The nominal strength of the unit was 480 men, consisting of 6 Centuries with 80 men each.

history

The cohort was stationed in the Mauretania Caesariensis province .

The first evidence of unity in Mauretania Caesariensis is based on the inscription ( AE 1975, 953 ), which is dated to 122 AD. A military diploma was the first to prove it in the province in 152. In the diploma, the cohort is listed as part of the troops (see Roman forces in Mauretania ) that were stationed in the province.

The last evidence of the cohort is based on the inscription ( CIL 8, 21523 ) which is dated to 238/244.

Locations

Locations of the cohort in Mauretania Caesariensis were possibly:

Altava ( Ouled Mimoun ): Several inscriptions have been found here.
Rapidum (Sour Djouab): Several inscriptions have been found here.

Members of the cohort

The following members of the cohort are known:

Commanders

Aurelius [] i [] sius, a tribune ( CIL 8, 21523 )
Aurelius Exoratus, a Praepositus of the Cohort and Decurio of the Ala Parthorum ( CIL 8, 21720 )
C (aius) Fannius Iunianus, a prefect ( AE 1956, 159 , CIL 8, 9831 )
C (aius) Iulius Crescens Didius Crescentianus, a tribune ( AE 1920, 115 )

Iul (ius) Germanus, a Praepositus of the cohort and Decurio of Ala II Thracum Augusta ( AE 1932, 31 , CIL 8, 10949 )
Marcus Servilius Eunicus (Μαρκος Σερουιλιος Ευνεικος), a prefect
S (extus) Iulius [In] genuus, probably a Praepositus of both the Cohors II Sardorum and the Ala Exploratorum Pomariensium ( CIL 8, 21704 )

Others

[], a soldier ( CIL 8, 9207 )
Abillahas Rummei, a soldier ( CIL 8, 20829 )
Antonius Valens, a vexillarius ( AE 1951, 145 )
Aurelius Verus, a Duplicarius ( AE 1992, 1914 )
Claudius Rogatus, a vexillarius ( CIL 8, 21667 )
Datus Felicis, a soldier ( CIL 8, 9200 )

Domitius, a centurion ( CIL 8, 17537 )
Favonius Donatus, a soldier ( CIL 8, 9202 )
Fulvius Felix, a veteran ( AE 1951, 144 )
Furfanius Donatus, a soldier ( CIL 8, 9056 )
P (ublius) Basilius Rufinus, a soldier ( CIL 8, 17537 )

Individual evidence

^ Military diploma of the year 152 ( RMD 5, 407 ).
^ ^A ^b John Spaul: Cohors² The evidence for and a short history of the auxiliary infantry units of the Imperial Roman Army , British Archaeological Reports 2000, ISBN 978-1841710464 , pp. 49, 53-54
^ Maria Antonietta Ruiu: La cohors II Sardorum ad Altava (Ouled-Mimoun, Algeria) ( PDF ).
↑ Raimondo Zucca: Naves plenis velis euntes , Collana del Dipartimento di Storia dell'Università degli Studi di Sassari, 2009, BAR International Series (Book 841), ISBN 978-88-430-4856-4 , Chapter 4: I viaggi di un equestre, Μαρκος Σερουιλιος Πο (πλιου) υιος, Παλατεινα, Ευνεικος, dall'Asia alla Sardinia pp. 62–74, here pp. 69–70 ( PDF ).

[MD-1] Military diploma of the year 152 ( RMD 5, 407 ).

[jsp-2] A ^b John Spaul: Cohors² The evidence for and a short history of the auxiliary infantry units of the Imperial Roman Army , British Archaeological Reports 2000, ISBN 978-1841710464 , pp. 49, 53-54

[mar-3] Maria Antonietta Ruiu: La cohors II Sardorum ad Altava (Ouled-Mimoun, Algeria) ( PDF ).

[rz-4] Raimondo Zucca: Naves plenis velis euntes , Collana del Dipartimento di Storia dell'Università degli Studi di Sassari, 2009, BAR International Series (Book 841), ISBN 978-88-430-4856-4 , Chapter 4: I viaggi di un equestre, Μαρκος Σερουιλιος Πο (πλιου) υιος, Παλατεινα, Ευνεικος, dall'Asia alla Sardinia pp. 62–74, here pp. 69–70 ( PDF ).