Cohors I Gallica

The inscription of the Prefect Timesitheus ( CIL 13, 1807 )

The Cohors I Gallica [civium Romanorum] [equitata] ( German 1st cohort Gallica [of the Roman citizens] [partly mounted] ) was a Roman auxiliary unit . It is documented by inscriptions.

Name components

Gallica : from Gaul / the Gallic. The soldiers of the cohort were recruited from the various tribes of the Gauls in the Roman province of Gallia Lugdunensis when the unit was established .

civium Romanorum : the Roman citizen or with Roman citizenship . The soldiers of the unit had been granted Roman citizenship at one point in time. However, this did not apply to soldiers who were accepted into the unit after this point in time. They received Roman citizenship only with their honorable farewell ( Honesta missio ) after 25 years of service.

equitata : partially mounted. The unit was a mixed association of infantry and cavalry. The addition appears in the inscription ( AE 1907, 151 ).

Since there is no evidence of the addition of milliaria (1000 men) to the name , the unit was a Cohors (quingenaria) equitata . The nominal strength of the cohort was 600 men (480 infantry and 120 horsemen), consisting of 6 centuries of infantry with 80 men each and 4 tower cavalry with 30 horsemen each.

history

The cohort was presumably stationed in Hispania for the entire duration of its existence . The unit with the name Cohors prima Gallica is mentioned for the last time in the Notitia dignitatum under the direction of a tribune and under the high command of the Magister militum praesentalis for the location Veleia in the province of Tarraconensis .

Locations

Cohort locations in Hispania may have been:

Santa Maria de Aguiar: The dedicatory inscription ( AE 1907, 151 ) was found here.
Veleia: The unit is listed in the Notitia dignitatum for this location.

Members of the cohort

The following members of the cohort are known:

Commanders

[] Cornelianus, a prefect ( CIL 2, 2913 )
C (aius) Cornelius Restitutus [Gra] ttius Cerialis, a prefect ( CIL 2, 3851 )
C (aius) Furius Sabinius Aquila Timesitheus , a prefect ( CIL 13, 1807 )

D (ecimus) Iul (ius) Ripanus Capito Bassianus, a tribune ( CIL 13, 5007 )
T (itus) Visulanius Crescens, a Prefect ( CIL 11, 709 ); he was also the tribune of the Cohors I Civium Romanorum .

Others

Iul (ius) Capito, a soldier ( AE 1967, 231 )
La [eli] us Decuminu [s], a soldier ( AE 1967, 231 ); he describes himself as commanipu [lar (is)] (belonging to the same manipula )
L (ucius) Carneolus, a Centurion ( AE 1889, 84 )
M (arcus) Mes [], a centurion (around 181) ( AE 1967, 230 )

M (arcus) Sentius Bucco, a Centurion (around 175) ( AE 1910, 1 )
M (arcus) Silonius Silanus, a signifer ( AE 1968, 237 )
Val (erius) Caelianus, a centurion ( AE 1967, 231 )
Val (erius) Flavus, a Centurion (around 166) ( AE 1910, 6 )

Web links

Commons : Cohors I Gallica - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

^ ^A ^b John Spaul: Cohors² The evidence for and a short history of the auxiliary infantry units of the Imperial Roman Army , British Archaeological Reports 2000, BAR International Series (Book 841), ISBN 978-1-84171-046-4 , p 151-154
↑ Leonard A. Curchin: Roman Conquest Spain and assimilation , Routledge Revivals, 1991, ISBN 978-0-415-74031-9 , page 72
^ Notitia dignitatum in partibus Occidentis XLII.29 ( online ).

[jsp-1] A ^b John Spaul: Cohors² The evidence for and a short history of the auxiliary infantry units of the Imperial Roman Army , British Archaeological Reports 2000, BAR International Series (Book 841), ISBN 978-1-84171-046-4 , p 151-154

[lac-2] Leonard A. Curchin: Roman Conquest Spain and assimilation , Routledge Revivals, 1991, ISBN 978-0-415-74031-9 , page 72

[ND-3] Notitia dignitatum in partibus Occidentis XLII.29 ( online ).