Cressing Temple

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Wheat Barn (" Wheat Barn ")
Roof structure of the Barley Barn ("barley barn ")

Cressing Temple is the name of a rural medieval building complex near Witham and Braintree in the English county of Essex . This is registered with the grade I in the English monument register.

history

As a result of several successive donations in the 12th century, the property came into the possession of the Knights Templar . This built a chapel and two medieval large barns Barley Barn ( " barley barn ") and Wheat Barn ( " wheat barn "). Dating back to the early 13th century, the Barley Barn is the oldest surviving half-timbered building in Europe. In the course of time more buildings were added - e.g. B. a brewery , a forge, a well house etc.

During the reign of King Edward II (reigned 1307-1327) the Knights Templar was dissolved in England; his property was confiscated and distributed. Cressing Temple came into the possession of the Order of St. John .

Among the Tudor now restored - - umwallter garden -Herrschern one originated in the 16th century (Walled Garden) . Another large granary was built around 1575 . Further buildings were added up to the 18th century; others disappeared.

The facility is now used as an event location.

architecture

The external dimensions of the two almost identical barns are each around 38 m long, 13 m wide and 13 m high. The roof structures, which are about three times the height of the actual storage room, with their side hipped roofs were probably made entirely or in parts by ship carpenters and - unlike most buildings of the time - were not thatched or thatched , but already had roof tiles . Both barns have gates that extend into the roof area.

literature

  • Cecil Alec Hewett: The Development of Carpentry 1200-1700. To Essex Study. David & Charles 1969, pp. 40-47 and pp. 55-61, ISBN 978-0715346945

Web links

Commons : Cressing Temple  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ monument directory, Grade I: Barley Barn (1123865), Wheat Barn (1123866); Grade II: Farmhouse (1168891), granary and stables (1123867), wagon shed (1169011), garden wall (1168978). Historic England (English).

Coordinates: 51 ° 50 ′ 19 ″  N , 0 ° 36 ′ 36 ″  E