Dilute acid
Dilute acid is the name for dilute sulfuric acid . It arises, among other things, as waste in the manufacture of titanium dioxide and dye and can contain a maximum of 25% sulfuric acid, heavy metals and halogenated hydrocarbons .
It is estimated that there are around 250 processes in which dilute acid occurs as a waste material.
disposal
Most of the more than five million tons of dilute acid produced annually in Europe was previously dumped in the North Sea by ships or piped into the sea. In Germany, Kronos Titan GmbH dumped up to 1200 tons of dilute acid per day with two tankers ( Kronos and Titan ) at full production (as of the end of 1989) near Heligoland for 20 years .
According to a report in the Tagesschau, scientists came to the conclusion that fish in the dump areas were "sick and rare". According to the industry, the acid is harmless.
On October 13, 1980 the ship Kronos was prevented from dumping by Greenpeace activists. After further protests by environmental associations, the authorities in Germany did not issue any further approval for the dump at the end of 1989 . The UK stopped dumping in 1993 . The companies developed recycling processes that enable the sulfuric acid to be recovered cleanly, although it is cost-intensive and energy-intensive. At the end of 1987, for example, a processing plant was put into operation, the plastic coatings of which, however, did not withstand the acid.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ^ Bertram Philipp, Peter Stevens: Grundzüge der Industrielle Chemie , VCH Verlagsgesellschaft mbH, 1987, p. 135, ISBN 3-527-25991-0 .
- ↑ Otto-Albrecht Neumüller (Ed.): Römpps Chemie-Lexikon. Volume 4: M-Pk. 8th revised and expanded edition. Franckh'sche Verlagshandlung, Stuttgart 1985, ISBN 3-440-04514-5 , pp. 2519-2521.
- ↑ a b c d e December 29, 1989. Tagesschau (ARD) , December 29, 1989, accessed on December 29, 2016 .