Homeobox protein DLX-2

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DLX2
DLX2
Structure of the DLX2 protein
Mass / length primary structure 34 kilodaltons / 328 amino acids (isoform 1)

23 kilodaltons / 217 amino acids (isoform 2)

Isoforms 2
Identifier
Gene name (s) DLX2
External IDs

The homeobox - protein DLX2 is a transcription factor , which in humans by the DLX2 - gene encodes is.

Many vertebrate genes with homeobox genes have been identified due to the similarity of their sequence to genes for the development of Drosophila (fruit flies). Members of the Dlx gene family contain a homeobox that is related to that of the "Distal-less" (Dll). Dll is a gene found in the head and limbs of a developing fruit fly. The “Distal-less” family of genes (Dlx) comprises at least six different elements, DLX1 - DLX6 . The DLX proteins have a role in the forebrain and in the development of the facial skull. The gene is in a configuration with other members of the gene family on the long arm of chromosome 2 .

interaction

DLX2 exhibits protein-protein interactions at DLX5 , MSX1 and Msh homeobox 2 . on.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Ozcelik T, Porteus MH, Rubenstein JL, Francke U: DLX2 (TES1), a homeobox gene of the Distal-less family, assigned to conserved regions on human and mouse chromosomes 2 . In: Genomics . 13, No. 4, September 1992, pp. 1157-61. doi : 10.1016 / 0888-7543 (92) 90031-M . PMID 1354641 .
  2. ↑ a b Entrez Gene: DLX2 distal-less homeobox 2 . Retrieved October 27, 2011.
  3. ↑ a b c H Zhang, Hu G, Wang H, Sciavolino P, Iler N, Shen MM, Abate-Shen C: Heterodimerization of Msx and Dlx homeoproteins results in functional antagonism . In: Mol. Cell. Biol . 17, No. 5, UNITED STATES, May 1997, ISSN  0270-7306 , pp. 2920-32. PMID 9111364 . PMC 232144 (free full text).

literature

  • Harris SE, Guo D, Harris MA, et al. : Transcriptional regulation of BMP-2 activated genes in osteoblasts using gene expression microarray analysis: role of Dlx2 and Dlx5 transcription factors . In: Front. Biosci. . 8, 2003, pp. 1249-65. doi : 10.2741 / 1170 . PMID 12957859 .
  • Qiu M, Bulfone A, Martinez S, et al. : Null mutation of Dlx-2 results in abnormal morphogenesis of proximal first and second branchial arch derivatives and abnormal differentiation in the forebrain . In: Genes Dev. . 9, No. 20, 1995, pp. 2523-38. doi : 10.1101 / gad.9.20.2523 . PMID 7590232 .
  • Selski DJ, Thomas NE, Coleman PD, Rogers KE: The human brain homeogene, DLX-2: cDNA sequence and alignment with the murine homologue . In: Genes . 132, No. 2, 1993, pp. 301-3. doi : 10.1016 / 0378-1119 (93) 90212-L . PMID 7901126 .
  • Simeone A, Acampora D, Pannese M, et al. : Cloning and characterization of two members of the vertebrate Dlx gene family . In: Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA . 91, No. 6, 1994, pp. 2250-4. doi : 10.1073 / pnas.91.6.2250 . PMID 7907794 . PMC 43348 (free full text).
  • McGuinness T, Porteus MH, Smiga S, et al. : Sequence, organization, and transcription of the Dlx-1 and Dlx-2 locus . In: Genomics . 35, No. 3, 1996, pp. 473-85. doi : 10.1006 / geno.1996.0387 . PMID 8812481 .
  • Zhang H, Hu G, Wang H, et al. : Heterodimerization of Msx and Dlx homeoproteins results in functional antagonism . In: Mol. Cell. Biol . 17, No. 5, 1997, pp. 2920-32. PMID 9111364 . PMC 232144 (free full text).
  • Yu G, Zerucha T, Ekker M, Rubenstein JL: Evidence that GRIP, a PDZ-domain protein which is expressed in the embryonic forebrain, co-activates transcription with DLX homeodomain proteins . In: Brain Res Dev Brain Res... . 130, No. 2, 2002, pp. 217-30. doi : 10.1016 / S0165-3806 (01) 00239-5 . PMID 11675124 .
  • Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, et al. : Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences . In: Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA . 99, No. 26, 2003, pp. 16899-903. doi : 10.1073 / pnas.242603899 . PMID 12477932 . PMC 139241 (free full text).
  • Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, et al. : The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC) . In: Genome Res. . 14, No. 10B, 2004, pp. 2121-7. doi : 10.1101 / gr.2596504 . PMID 15489334 . PMC 528928 (free full text).
  • Espinoza HM, Ganga M, Vadlamudi U, et al. : Protein kinase C phosphorylation modulates N- and C-terminal regulatory activities of the PITX2 homeodomain protein . In: Biochemistry . 44, No. 10, 2005, pp. 3942-54. doi : 10.1021 / bi048362x . PMID 15751970 .