DNA analysis file

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The DNA analysis file or DNA analysis file , or DAD for short , is a database for Germany that was set up on April 17, 1998 to store DNA profiles. The DAD is operated centrally by the Federal Criminal Police Office (BKA) .

Memory contents and background

Both the genetic fingerprints of known persons (so-called personal data sets ) determined by a DNA analysis and of crime scene traces that come from unknown persons (so-called trace data sets ) are registered and compared.

DNA evidence is the most successful criminalist instrument today in identifying perpetrators and assigning evidence of crime .

In the police sector (in Germany usually the laboratories located at the state criminal investigation offices) are commissioned to filter out the parts that are important for identification from DNA samples and to make these unknown DNA profiles available to the police DNA database (e.g. from crime scene traces or unknown corpses) with stored DNA profiles of known persons. The known profiles come from offenders who have taken a biological sample by swabbing the oral cavity (voluntarily) or a blood sample (if the person refuses to penetrate a body opening) .

In Germany, the five feature systems D21S11, TH01, VWA, FGA / FIBRA and ACTBP2 / SE33 were initially analyzed. The eight feature systems D21S11, TH01, VWA, FGA / FIBRA, D3S1358, D8S1179, D18S51 and ACTBP2 / SE33 have been analyzed since the beginning of 2001. For each system of features, the number of repetitions of the base pair motif ( microsatellite ) is stored on the two chromosomes in the form of two numbers.

In the DNA analysis file, data is categorized according to crime fields.

numbers

Up to May 2003 the file contained 273,387, of which 235,126 were personal records and 38,261 were trace records. By May 2003 there were 3,462 track-to-track hits and 7,882 track-to-person hits. 84% of the track-person hits are related to theft, 7% robbery and extortion, 4% crimes against sexual self-determination, 2% crimes against life.

According to the statistics of the Federal Criminal Police Office, the DNA analysis file comprised 1,048,771 (756,990) records at the end of 2013 (2008), which are composed of 805,856 (611,868) personal records and 242,915 (145,122) trace records. Approximately 7,000 (9,000) new records are added to the DNA analysis file every month. The personal data records also include the data of over 1400 people who had to submit a DNA sample on suspicion of being insulted .

At the end of December 2015, the database had risen to 1,133.97 data sets, made up of 849,907 personal data sets and 284,066 trace data sets.

In mid-2007 , the Bavarian police were the first state police to cross the limit of 100,000 data records made available in the file. North Rhine-Westphalia followed this number in mid-2008.

Since the creation of the file up to December 2013, 166,070 hits were obtained, of which 34,282 cases were found to be linked to a crime (track-track hit). A crime scene trace was assigned to a person 131,788 times, 16.8% of which were criminal offenses .

Legal basis

The legal basis for storage is set out in Section 81g StPO. According to Section 81g (3) of the Code of Criminal Procedure, there is a judge's reservation, unless there is a risk of delay or the person concerned consents. It is a measure of the identification service. The prerequisite is the suspicion of a significant criminal offense or a not necessarily significant sexual offense.

After exhaustion of the legal process, an appeal to the Federal Constitutional Court against a DNA decision is admissible, because the order for the removal and molecular genetic examination of body cells to establish identity in future criminal proceedings constitutes a state intervention in the constitutional law stipulated by Art. V. m. Art. 2 para. 1 GG constitutes a guaranteed basic right to informational self-determination .

According to the deletion periods of ten years for adults and five years for young people prescribed in the BKA Act ( Section 32 BKAG), a check is made to determine whether the data needs to be corrected or deleted. Traces are also checked internally by the BKA after ten years. In the resolution of the 53rd conference of the data protection officers of the federal and state governments of 17./18. In April 1997 the data protection officers formulated guidelines for the handling of genetic information in police databases for identification purposes. The judge's reservation against state storage of genetic information, which was required there and initially provided for by law, has now been lifted.

foreign countries

In the UK, DNA profiles are stored in the UK National DNA Database , which has over three million records, each with 11 features analyzed. There are over four million stored DNA profiles in the United States, each with 13 analyzed features.

See also

Web links

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  1. ↑ bka.de Information about DNA analysis ( Memento from October 13, 2007 in the Internet Archive )
  2. ↑ a b C. Hohoff and B. Brinkmann review article Trends in forensic molecular genetics In: Rechtsmedizin, Volume 13, Number 4, 183–189, doi : 10.1007 / s00194-003-0213-7
  3. ↑ a b Small question from the MP Andrej Hunko and others and the DIE LINKE parliamentary group. Exchange of fingerprints and then data with the USA. In: BT-Drucksache 18/7949. Federal Ministry of the Interior, April 6, 2016, accessed on January 28, 2017 . Pp. 7-8.
  4. ↑ a b DNA hit statistics ( memento from February 24, 2014 in the Internet Archive )
  5. ^ The police, your friend and data collector Spiegel online, March 5, 2007.
  6. ↑ Allgäuer Zeitung of June 9, 2007, page 6: Bavaria is the German master in collecting gene traces